论塞尔社会实在的本体论意旨.pdfVIP

华东师范大学硕士论文 I 摘要 塞尔的社会实在理论在逻辑上预设了一个不依赖于主体的外部世界的存在， 试图解释社会事实是如何与无情性物理事实统一于一个世界，并揭示了人类制度 何以可能及其逻辑结构是什么。后体系时代在对实在问题的讨论过程中，呈现出 多元化的趋向。但是，对认识论（认识偏见）、审美判断等问题是如何统一于实 在，以及如何去处理这些问题并没有给予充分解答。塞尔从哲学的角度分析了社 会实在，把对社会实在的认识提高到了一个新层次、新阶段。这一理论的建立不 仅具有哲学贯通、圆融与整合的功能，而且为清理很多学科（美学、伦理学、政 治哲学等）的地基作出了建设性的贡献。基于社会实在学说所要解答的问题本身， 本文系统地阐释了塞尔的社会实在理论内涵及其建构方法，论述了对反实在论者 的批判，分析了社会实在理论工具存在的问题以及合理性评价。 关键词：社会实在 本体论 制度性事实 集体意向性 II 华东师范大学硕士论文 华东师范大学硕士论文 III ABSTRACT Searles theory of social reality logically presupposes the existence of an external world that does not depend on the subject, trying to explain how social facts and ruthless nature are united in a physical world, and reveal why the human system is possible and what is the logical structure of the same. The discussions concerning reality issues in the post system era showed the trend of diversification. However, full answers to the way that epistemology (knowledge bias), aesthetic judgment and other aspects are unified into reality have not been given. Searle analyzed social reality from the perspective of philosophy, thus raising the level of understanding of social reality. The establishment of this theory not only promotes the interconnection, harmony and integration of philosophy, but also contributes a lot to clean up the foundations of many disciplines (aesthetics, ethics, political philosophy, etc. ). Based on the question that the Theory of Social Reality is to answer, the thesis systematically explains the meaning of Searles theory of social reality and its construction method, discusses the criticisms on social re