眼球分析课件.pptVIP

Visual Organ: (P50) the Eyeball (globe) its Accessory apparatus (The ocular adnexa) the Visual pathway Visual cortex 视觉器官：眼球、眼附属器、视路、视中枢 The Eyeball:屈光系统(介质)和感光系统 The anteroposterior diameter of the globe： 24mm(Vertical - ：23mm. Horizontal - : 23.5mm） Anterior pole The Eyeball Situation： in the anterior part of the orbit. Ligament, orbit fat, extraocular muscles—reduce shock of the eyeball. (protection) The globe protrudes(眼球突出度) about 12-14 mm beyong the external orbital rim (instrument) 2mm Anterior segment equator Posterior segment The eyeball Cavity of the Eye眼内腔(66) 前房,后房,玻璃体腔 The anterior chamber The posterior chamber Vitrous cavity THE CORNEA 角膜(outer layer) : 位置:眼球最前端 形状：横椭圆形 大小：横径11~12mm， 直径10~11mm、 10mm 或13mm者为异常。 曲率半径：前7.8mm后6.8mm 屈光度:+43D,2/3。 厚度：中央0.5mm， 周边约1mm 感觉神经丰富(三叉)，无血管 Histology 5layers:(P50) with regenerative ability 可再生 Physiology(P59) Protect, Transparency, Refract light,渗透作用,感知环境及外界刺激 Nourishment supply by meshwork of blood vessels at the corneal limbus角膜缘 and aqueous humor房水. The oxygen needed by metabolism: 80% come from atmosphere 15% from vascular meshwork at limbus 5% from aqueous humor PRK (Photorefractive keratectomy): corneal refractive surgery. Correct and treat myopia and astigmatism. laser. tissue dissolve LASIK Change the superficial curvatrue Tear Film泪膜 3 layers： 脂质层Monomolecular lipid layer--（originated from the tarsal glands and Zeis gland）evaporation 水液层Watery layer--（originated from major and accessory lacrimal glands） 粘蛋白层Glucoprotein mucous layer--（corneal and conjunctival epithelium Tear Film泪膜 Ingredient： IgA、IgG, mineral, etc. bacteriolysis capacity: 7.4ul Thickness: 7um Physiology Function： smooth， diffuse oxygen ， washing、resist eyewinker microorganism 眼球壁外层：巩膜(Sclera,P55) 血管少,表层知觉敏感 质地坚韧，呈乳白色，由致密而相互交错的纤维组成。 前接角膜，在后部与视神经交接处巩膜分内外两层，外2/3移行于视神经鞘膜，内1/