反渗透膜在我国钢铁行业de应用.docVIP

反渗透膜在我国钢铁行业的应用(( 肖庆聪，郁达伟，郑祥， (中国人民大学环境学院，北京 100872) 摘要：随着国家对钢铁行业节水减排要求的提高，反渗透膜技术在钢铁行业的应用获得了较快发展。通过文献调研、公开资料、电话调查等统计了我国钢铁行业水量、水质数据以及反渗透技术在我国钢铁行业的应用案例，明晰钢铁废水水量、水质特征从应用规模、地区分布、水源、工艺及回用类型等方面，分析了反渗透膜技术在我国钢铁行业的应用特征展望了反渗透膜技术在我国钢铁行业的应用前景。 关键词：反渗透；膜技术；钢铁；应用 Xiao Qing-cong, Yu Da-wei, Zheng Xiang*, Zeng Fan-gang (School of Environment Natural Resources, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China) Abstract: As the improving requirements of water conservation and emission reduction in Chinese iron and steel industry, the application of RO membrane technique in iron and steel industry have developed rapidly. Through literature reviews, publicly disclosed information and telephone surveys, etc, the data of water quality quantity and the application cases of RO membrane technique in Chinese iron and steel industry were gathered and the characteristics of wastewater quality quantity of steel industry were described. On these basis, the application charcateristics of the RO membrane in steel industry were analyzed through the aspects of application scale, regional distribution, water supplies, processes and reuse types, etc. Finally, the application prospects of the RO membrane in steel industry were prospected through the aspects of application potential, processes intergration of multi quality-divided water supply, and exploration of zero discharge of wastewater,etc. Key words: RO; membrane technique; iron and steel; application 0. 引言 据中国钢铁协会统计，2010年我国粗钢产量达到62665万吨，占世界粗钢产量的37.75%。钢铁行业是全国的用水大户，约占全国工业用水量的14%[1]。因此钢铁行业的节水减排具有重要的环保意义和社会效益。随着水资源短缺局面的加剧，钢铁企业通过采用串级用水、循环用水、一水多用和分级使用等方式提高了废水重复利用率[2]，而这些方式实现的重要前提是离子交换技术和反渗透膜技术的应用[3]。特别是近些年来，反渗透膜技术凭借其性能稳定、占地面积小、运行费用低、管理简单等特点而在钢铁行业获得了加快发展[4]。但是由于对钢铁行业废水水量、水质特征认识不足，以及对反渗透膜在钢铁行业应用规模、地区分布、水源、工艺及回用类型等特征的总结不足，影响了其进一步应用。因此本文通过调研、公开资料、电话调查等统计了我国钢铁行业水量、水质数据以及反渗透技术在我国钢铁行业的应用案例，明晰钢铁废水水量、水质特征，分析反渗透膜技术在我国钢铁行业的应用特征，以期为反渗透膜技术在钢铁行业的进一步发展明确方向。 1. 钢铁、排水特征 1.1 、排水水量特征 近年来，通过不断采用各种先进工艺和技术设备，特别是采用各种节水、废水回用等措施，我国钢铁行业吨钢取水量和吨钢排水量分别由2002年的15.7m3/t、11.0 m3