体液microRNA作为新无创伤性生物标志物意义.pdfVIP

分子诊断与治疗杂志　2011 年 5 月 第 3 卷 第 3 期　J Mol Diagn Ther, May 2011, Vol. 3 No. 3 145 · · •述 评• 体液 microRNA 作为新的无创伤性生物标志物的 意义 张春妮1 ★ 张辰宇2 [ 摘 要 ] microRNA （miRNA ）是一类能降解靶mRNA 或抑制靶 mRNA 翻译从而在转录后水平调 控基因表达的非编码 RNA 。miRNA 在多种生理、病理过程中发挥重要作用，组织细胞 miRNA 表达谱与 多种病理尤其是肿瘤密切相关。 最近的研究发现，血循环及其他体液中也存在丰富而稳定的 miRNA ，并 且在某些疾病状态下，体液中的一些 miRNA 表达量会发生特异性改变，提示体液 miRNA 作为一种新的无 创伤性生物标志物的潜力和良好的临床应用前景。 本文就体液 miRNA 与疾病关系的研究进展作一综述。 [ 关键词 ] microRNA ；体液；血循环；生物标志物 The study of microRNAs in body fluid as a novel invasive biomarker ZHANG Chunni1 ★ , ZHANG Chenyu2 (1. Department of Clinical Laboratory, Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command, Jiangsu, Nanjing 210002, China; 2. State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Jiangsu, Nanjing 210093, China) [ABSTRACT] microRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small non-coding RNA that regulate gene expression at the posttranscriptional level by either degrading or blocking translation of messenger RNA targets. MiRNAs play important regulatory roles in a variety of physiological and pathological conditions. MiRNA profiles in tissue or cell exhibit close relation with some diseases, especially tumor. Recently, it has been found that miRNAs also stably express in serum, plasma and other body fluids. Moreover, the expression levels of some circulating miRNAs specifically change in patients with certain diseases, revealing their great potential as a class of novel invasive biomarkers for diseases and promising clinical application future. This review summarizes the literatures on the body fluid miRNAs in different disease. [KEY WORDS] microRNA; Body fluid; Circulation; Biomarker microRNA （miRNA ）是 1993 年发现的一类长 中一