3典型的自身定位系统与算法.docVIP

无线传感器网络中的自身定位系统和算法( 王福豹1+, 史 龙1, 任丰原2 1(西北工业大学 宽带网络研究所,陕西 西安 710072) 2(清华大学 计算机科学与技术系,北京 100084) Self-Localization Systems and Algorithms for Wireless Sensor Networks WANG Fu-Bao1+, SHI Long1, REN Feng-Yuan2 1(Institute of Broadband Network, Northwest Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China) 2(Department of Computer Science and Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China) + Corresponding author: Phn: +86-29 E-mail: wangfubao@, Received 2004-01-27; Accepted 2004-05-14 Wang FB, Shi L, Ren FY. Self-Localization systems and algorithms for wireless sensor networks. Journal of Software, 2005,16(5):857?868. DOI: 10.1360/jos160857 Abstract: Wireless Sensor Networks, a novel technology about acquiring and processing information, have been proposed for a multitude of diverse applications. The problem of self-localization, that is, determining where a given node is physically or relatively located in the networks, is a challenging one, and yet extremely crucial for many applications. In this paper, the evaluation criterion of the performance and the taxonomy for wireless sensor networks self-localization systems and algorithms are described, the principles and characteristics of recent representative localization approaches are discussed and presented, and the directions of research in this area are introduced. Key words: wireless sensor network; self-localization; positioning 摘 要: 作为一种全新的信息获取和处理技术,无线传感器网络可以在广泛的应用领域内实现复杂的大规模监测和追踪任务,而网络自身定位是大多数应用的基础.介绍了无线传感器网络自身定位系统和算法的性能评价标准和分类方法,着重综述了近年来该领域具有代表性的算法及系统的原理和特点,并指出未来的研究方向. 关键词: 无线传感器网络;自身定位;定位 中图法分类号: TP393　　　文献标识码: A 微机电系统(micro-electro-mechanism system,简称MEMS)、无线通信和数字电子技术的进步孕育了无线传感器网络(wireless sensor network,简称WSN)[1].通过部署大量传感器节点至目标区域,WSN将改变我们与客观世界的交互方式.从军事应用、目标追踪、环境检测到空间探索,WSN的未来应用将超出我们的想象力[1?4]. 对于大多数应用,不知道传感器位置而感知的数据是没有意义的[5].传感器节点必须明确自身位置才能详细说明“在什么位置或区域发生了特定事件”,实现对外部目标的定位和追踪[6].另一方面,了解传感器节点位置信息还可以提高路由效率[7,8],为网络提供命名空间[9?11],向部署者报告网络的覆盖质量[12,13],实现网络的负载均 衡[14,15]以及网络拓扑的自配置[16].而人工部署和为所有网络节