浙江东极岛夏季岩礁潮间带大型底栖动物的群落格局【毕业论文】.docVIP

本科毕业论文 （20 届） 浙江东极岛夏季岩礁潮间带大型底栖动物的群落格局 专业：环境科学 目录 摘要 I Abstract II 引言 1 1 材料与方法 3 1.1 站位设置与样品采集 3 1.2 数据统计分析 3 2 结果与分析 4 2.1 种类组成和优势种 4 2.2 生物量与密度 7 2.3 群落多样性指数 8 2.4 ABC曲线分析 8 3 讨论 0 3.1 东极岛岛礁生物分布现状 0 3.1.1 定性 0 3.1.2 定量 0 3.2 影响东极岛生物分布现状的主要原因 0 3.2.1 物理因素 0 3.2.2 生物因素 12 3.2.3 人为因素 1 3.3 生态保育 1 3.4 东极潮间带生物保护 16 小结 1 参考文献 2 浙江东极岛夏季岩礁潮间带大型底栖动物的群落格局 [摘要] 本文分析了浙江东极岛夏季岩礁潮间带大型底栖动物的种类组成、分布和多样性指数等群落特征。3个潮间带断面定量采获的大型底栖动物标本共有36种，其中软体动物20种，节肢动物8种，环节动物3种，纽虫动物2种，多孔动物、棘皮动物和腔肠动物各1种。3个断面总平均生物量为30845.0± 6766.8 g/m2, 总平均密度为13496±3560 ind./m2，其中，平均生物量以节肢动物居首(21792.4.0±2646.7 g/m2)，平均密度以软体动物居首(6483±3574 ind./m2)。同时，定性采获的大型底栖动物共有83种，其中软体动物45种，节肢动物17种，脊索动物10种，腔肠动物5种，环节动物4种和棘皮动物2种。大型底栖动物的多样性指数、丰富度指数和均匀度指数的分布范围分别在1.805-2.027、1.793-2.255和0.603-0.638，平均值为1.889±0.121、2.072±0.246和0.625±0.019。东极岛大型底栖动物ABC曲线状况正常，表明底栖动物群落未受到污染或扰动。 [关键词] 潮间带；大型底栖动物；群落特征；东极岛 Macrozoobenthos community patterns in the rocky intertidal zone in Dongji island of Zhejiang in summer [Abstract] Macrozoobenthos community patterns in the rocky intertidal zone in Dongji island of Zhejiang in summer, including species composition, quantity distribution and diversity index, were analyzed in the study. The results of qualitative samples indicated that there were 36 species in the three sampling sections, including 20 species of Mollusca, 8 species of Arthropoda, 3 species of Annelida, 2 species of Nemertina, and 1 species of Porifera, Echinodermata and Chordata. The average biomass and density in all stations were 30845.0± 6766.8 g/m2 and 13496±3560 ind./m2, respectively. The arthropoda were the first in average biomass, and the mollusca was the first in average density among all macrobenthic fauna. Meanwhile, the results of the qualitative samples there were 83 species in the three sampling sections, including 45 species of Mollusca, 17 species of Arthropoda, 10 species of Chordata, 5 species of Chordata, 4 species of Annelida and 2 species of Echinodermata,. The value of Shannon-Weaner index, Margalefs species richnes