固体酸催化合成苯甲醛缩乙二醇【毕业论文】.docVIP

本科毕业论文 （20 届） 固体酸催化合成苯甲醛缩乙二醇 摘 要 本论文以TiCl4和ZrOCl2·8H2O与NH3·H2O进行反应制成固体酸催化剂载体，利用磷钨酸、硫酸对其进行改性来制备固体酸催化剂；以γ-Al2O3为载体，使用硫酸对其进行改性来制备固体酸催化剂。并对改性后的各种催化剂进行苯甲醛、乙二醇缩合反应研究。 首先，采用不同的金属盐TiCl4和ZrOCl2·8H2O与NH3·H2O进行反应来制备催化剂载体，利用磷钨酸和硫酸对其进行改性，在不同的温度下进行烘干或焙烧，以制成不同的催化剂；配制一定浓度的稀硫酸，然后浸渍γ-Al2O3，静置24 h后过滤，110℃烘干，然后在650℃的温度下进行焙烧，以制成不同的催化剂。 采用上述各种改性固体酸催化剂，以苯甲醛和乙二醇为原料进行缩合反应。以SO42-/γ-Al2O3为主要的催化剂，考察了反应物摩尔比、催化剂用量、反应时间对产物收率的影响。实验表明：SO42-/γ-Al2O3是合成苯甲醛缩乙二醇的良好催化剂，在n（醇）：n（醛）=2：1，催化剂用量为反应物料总质量的8.0%，环己烷为带水剂，反应时间120 mins，反应温度100℃的条件下，苯甲醛缩乙二醇的产率可达96.51%。 关键词：固体酸；催化剂；合成；应用 Abstract Solid acids catalyst were prepared in our experiment. Using titranium or zirconium oxychloride react with ammonia to synthesis carrier of solid acids ; γ-alumina were used as carrier of solid acids and HPW or sulfate acid were used to change the nature of solid acid carriers At first the salting liquids of different metal react with ammonia to synthesis carrier of solid acids . HPW or sulfate acid were used to change the nature of solid acid carriers .Then they were dried or calcinated at different temperature to synthesis different solid acid catalysts .Sulfate acid in different concentration were used to steep γ-alumina for twenty-four hours .Then filtrated them and dried them at 110℃,calcinated them at temperature of 650℃ to synthesis solid acid catalysts . In benzyl aldehyde and glycol/s reaction used benzyl aldehyde :glycol at 1:2(molar) as the reacting substance ,solid acids which mentioned earlier were used as the catalyst. The factors effect production/s ratio on proportion of reactant, time and the temperature when SO42-/γ-Al2O3 used as primary catalyst. The experiment results showed that the SO42-/γ-Al2O3 is an excellent catalyst to synthesis of the benzyl aldehyde glycol aceta1．When the molar ratio of the glycol to the benzyl aldehyde is 2．0：1．0．the content of the catalysts equal to 8.0％ by the mass of the total reaction stocks．The cyclohexane is used as water entraining agent and the reaction time is 120m