龙头鱼遗传多样性的研究【毕业论文】.docVIP

本科毕业论文 （20 届） 龙头鱼遗传多样性的研究 专业：生物科学 目录 摘要 I Abstract II 引言 1 1 材料与方法 2 1.1 实验材料 2 1.1.1 样品 2 1.1.2 试剂 2 1.1.3 主要设备 3 1.2 实验方法 4 1.2.2 PCR扩增 5 2 实验结果与分析 7 2.1 数据处理 7 2.2 遗传多样性与遗传分化分析 8 2.3 遗传距离与遗传相似性指数分析 9 3 讨论 10 参考文献 12 摘要 [摘要] 龙头鱼是常见的经济鱼类，然而其遗传多样性的研究还。（Nm）（Nm）（Nm）利用POPGENE软件计算UPGMA对4个分析群体进行系统聚类分析（图1），可见：4个群体在系统进化树上分为2大类群，XM和ZH群体作为一个类群，XS和YQ作为另一个类群。 [关键词] 龙头鱼；SRAP；遗传多样性 Abstract [Abstract] Harpodon nehereus is a common commercial fish species , but their genetic diversity has just started. SRAP (Sequence-related amplified polymorphism) that is related amplified polymorphism sequence , which is Li and Quiros development of a new PCR-based molecular markers in 2001. The markers has some features, such as polymorphisms, simple, stable, fast, low cost, and therefore received a large number of applications. To this end, the study use SRAP markers to study the genetic structure and diversity of Harpodon nehereus from xiamen、zhuhai、xiangshan、yueqing. With 4 pairs of SRAP primer combinations used to amplify were obtained 19 clear and stable sites.results show that four populations of Harpodon nehereus polymorphic loci from small to large order of XS (84.21%), YQ (84.21%), ZH (89.47%), XM (94.74%); Shannon information index in ascending order of XS (0.3465), YQ (0.4042), ZH (0.4379), XM (0.4612); gene flow (Nm) values ??ranged from 0.7911 and 57.2349, the greater gene flow (Nm) the greater ,the lower the degree of genetic differentiation, ,however, all sites are small loci, which indicating a higher degree of population genetic differentiation. By comparison, polymorphic loci and Shannon information index were higher, gene flow (Nm) values ?? was smaller, which indicating four populations of Harpodon nehereus abundant genetic diversity. Using POPGENE software to calculate the genetic distance and the genetic similarity index of four populations of Harpodon nehereus: two population of Harpodon nehereus genetic similarity coefficient between the 0.8484-0.9351, between