论实行终了犯罪中止.pdfVIP

摘 要 我国刑法第 24 条规定的犯罪中止，按照行为的发展阶段，可以分为预备中 止、未实行终了的中止和实行终了的中止。未实行终了的中止和实行终了的中止 都发生于行为人着手实行之后，但前者发生于行为实行终了之前，后者则发生于 行为实行终了之时；更为重要的是两者的构成要件极不相同，前者只需要自动放 弃就可以成立，而后者则需要进一步有效地防止犯罪结果的发生才能成立。深入 分析检讨实行终了的犯罪中止的构成，厘清学说上的争议，可以为具体的司法适 用提供指导、为犯罪中止的立法修订提供建议。 正文分三章对实行终了的犯罪中止进行探讨。第一章论述实行终了的犯罪中 止的理论基础。判断行为是否实行终了需要行为人对行为的发展阶段有认识，以 主观说作为判断标准较为妥当。在说明对中止犯的减免处罚根据方面，各种学说 都有一定的说服力，但都存在缺陷，难以单独说明宽待中止犯的理由，所以应综 合各种学说作为宽待中止犯的依据。第二章论述实行终了的犯罪中止的成立条 件。行为人需要对外界有认识的基础上才可能产生中止意思，所以判断是否自动 中止应从主观方面考察。未实行终了时，行为人只需自动放弃即可成立犯罪中止， 所以有效性仅存在于实行终了的犯罪中止之中；至于行为人防止犯罪结果的发 生，不限于行为人的单独行为，可以得到第三人的帮助。第三章论述实行终了的 犯罪中止的疑难问题。具体的危险犯属于广义的结果犯，有实行终了的犯罪中止 的存在余地。准中止犯则属于实行终了的犯罪中止的一种特殊类型。 关键词：犯罪中止 实行终了的中止 准中止犯 I ABSTRACT According to behavioral developing stage, discontinuation of crime in article 24 of Chinese Penal Code can be divided into discontinuation on preparation, discontinuation of an uncompleted offence and discontinuation of a completed offence. Both discontinuation of an uncompleted offence and discontinuation of a completed offence happen when the conduct is beginning, but the former happens before completed and the latter happens when the conduct is completed. The more important is that the two are different in composition. The former only need voluntary abandon the conduct, but the latter need prevent the harm to happen. Analysing discontinuation of a completed offence’s composition in depth can end the dispute on theory, offer the instruction for the judicial and suggestions in legislation. The article divides into three chapters. Chapter one describes its theoretical foundation of discontinuation of a completed offence. Judging whether the conduct is completed need the actor know the conduct’s developing stage, so the subjective stand