孕妇膳食调查结果分析_医学论文.docVIP

孕妇膳食调查结果分析_医学论文 孕妇膳食调查结果分析_医学论文 作者：姜雪芹 梁惠 周晓彬 韩磊 逄丹 【摘要】 目的 了解孕妇营养素的摄入水平及食物种类，以便提供合理的建议，指导孕妇保健。方法 选择威海市妇女儿童医院就诊的孕中期妇女113例作为调查对象，采用24 h膳食回顾法，对孕妇的膳食摄入状况进行分析,同时调查孕妇的社会、经济等一般人口学特征。结果 孕妇膳食摄入的总热能为6.75 MJ，占能量推荐摄入量的70.20%，摄入过低。三大营养素的供给显示：脂肪供给量偏高，为54.25 g，占总能量比例为30.20%；碳水化合物供给偏低，占总能量比例为54.43%。维生素E摄入量过高，达维生素E推荐摄入量的193.70%，维生素C及维生素PP摄入量基本达到人体需要，维生素A、维生素B1、维生素B2摄入量过低，只占膳食推荐摄入量的65%左右。矿物质磷、硒摄入量达到中国营养学会膳食推荐摄入量的120%。镁、铁、锌摄入过低，只占70%左右；而钙的摄入量不足50%。饱和脂肪酸、单不饱和脂肪酸、多不饱和脂肪酸的摄入比例为1∶1.56∶1.04。学历与孕妇营养素的摄入水平无相关性，而较高收入人群碳水化合物摄入量较低收入人群显著降低(F=3.32,0.05)。结论孕妇多种营养素摄入水平不均衡，建议加强孕妇营养健康教育，改善不合理的饮食习惯。 【关键词】 孕妇；膳食调查；营养评价 ［ABSTRACT］ Objective To investigate the nutritional status in pregnant women and give them a guidance of maternal care. Methods This study was conducted in 113 pregnant women at their midtrimester. Their dietary intake and socioeconomic status were analyzed. Results Their total energy intake was 6.75 MJ, accounting for 70.20% of the energy recommended, which was too low. The ratio of dietary protein, carbohydrate and fat was: fat 54.25 g (30.20%) carbohydrate 54.43% dietary vitamin E was too high, accounting for 193.70%. Mineral P and Se reached 120% of the intake recommended by the Chinese Nutrition Society. Vitamin C and PP basically met the requirement vitamin A, B1 and B2 were too low, accounting only for 65%. The intake of Mg2+, Fe2+ and Zn2+ was too low, only around 70%. The intake of mineral Ca2+ was less than 50%. Saturated fatty acid: monounsaturated fatty acid: polyunsaturated fatty acid = 1.00∶1.56∶1.04. The ratio which was provided by monounsaturated fatty acid was very high. No correlation was found between educational background and nutritional status. But the intake of carbohydrate showed that for those who earned more took remarkably lower than those who earned less (F=3.32,0.05). Conclusion The nutritional intake of pregnant women is unbalanced. Intensifying nutritional education and changing unreasonable eating habit are advocated. ［KEY WORDS］ Pregnant women Diet