社区获得性肺炎流行特征及病原学分布.docVIP

社区获得性肺炎流行特征及病原学分布 作者：范火召，王素萍，赵启玉，李萍，刘占伟，闫晋华 作者单位：1.山西医科大学公共卫生学院流行病学教研室，太原 030001；2.山西省太原市中心医院呼吸科；3.山西省武警医院呼吸科；4.山西医科大学第一医院呼吸科 【摘要】 目的 探讨太原地区社区获得性肺炎流行特征及病原学分布，为制定防治策略和措施提供科学依据。方法 收集太原地区2005年12月～2006年12月社区获得性肺炎患者243例，采用现场调查和实验室检测方法检测病原体种类, 包括肺炎链球菌等数10种病原菌、肺炎支原体IgM抗体、肺炎衣原体IgG抗体以及军团菌-DNA等。结果 太原地区社区获得性肺炎患者以老年人、军人和农民工为主；冬春季高发。病原体主要为肺炎链球菌、肺炎支原体和军团菌。肺炎链球菌对青霉素、大环内酯类抗生素高度耐药，对三代头孢、糖肽类抗生素高度敏感。结论 肺炎链球菌是社区获得性肺炎主要致病菌；非典型病原体尤其是肺炎支原体感染在太原地区社区获得性肺炎中占据重要地位；细菌合并非典型病原体的混合感染不容忽视。 【关键词】 社区获得性肺炎；流行特征；细菌；非典型病原体；耐药性 Epidemic characteristics and etiological distribution of adult patients with community-acquired pneumonia FAN Zhao,WANG Suping，ZHAO Qiyu，et al. Department of Epidemiology，School of Public Health,Shanxi Medical University(Taiyuan 030001，China) Abstract： Objective To investigate the epidemic characteristics and etiological distribution of adult patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in Taiyuan,and to povide scientific basis for constituting preventive strategies and measures.Methods 243 cases of CAP patients were collected in Taiyuan from Dec.2006 to Dec.2007.On the spot investigation and laboratory detection methods were used in the research.The pathogenic detection included tens of pathogen like streptococcus pnenmoniae,pneumonia mycoplasma IgM antibody,pneumonia chlamydia IgG antibody and legioella-DNA,etc.Results The majority of adult CAP patients in Taiyuan were the elderly people,soldiers and migrant workers from rural areas.Its epidemic senson was in winter and spring.Three most important pathogens for CAP were streptococcus pneumoniae,pneumonia mycoplasma and legionella.The streptococcus pneumoniae was highly resistant to penicillin and macrolides,but highly sensitive to the third generation cephalosporin and glycopeptide antibiotics.Conclusion The streptococcus pneumoniae is the main pathogen for CAP and atypical pathogens especially pneumonia mycoplasma play important roles in CAP in Taiyuan.The mixed infection of bacteria and atypical pathogens can’t b