一种铝溶胶的快速制备方法.docVIP

一种铝溶胶的快速制备方法 季晓玲 翟丽（大连，大连 1160）摘要：在A，在它的作用下异丙醇铝(AIP)在85℃时迅速水解，然后抽滤得到白色勃姆石沉淀在硝酸胶解，即可得贮存期至少6个月的透明铝溶胶水解和胶解过程分别只要0.5h；同时讨论了硝酸的浓度和用量对体系PH值和铝溶胶粒径大小的影响。关键词：异丙醇铝；铝溶胶；表面活性剂A 中图分类号：TQ426．6 文献标识码：AJI Xiao-ling, ZHAI Li-li ,WANG Zhen (Dalian SNOW New-material Technology Corporation , Liaoning DaLian 116012 , China ) Abstract: Presently reaction time of aluminum sol prepared was long and reaction process requred aging or refluxing generally .This paper introduced a rapid method of aluminum sol prepared . Added surface-active agent A when prepared aluminum sol, it can increase the hydrolytic reaction velocity of AIP in 85℃ water.Then we filtered this solution for getting white precipitate .Adding a certain amount of nitric acid and water into the precipitate we can obtain transparent aluminum sol which can stored six months stably.The hydrolytic reaction time and colliod decomposed reaction time were both 0.5h . In addition we discussed influence factor of PH and particle size including mol ratio of AIP and water, consistency and the amount of nitric acid.Experimental result indicated as follows: the larger mol ratio of AIP and water,the smaller particle size we could get , when added the same quantiy nitric acid its consistency hadn`t influnce on the particle size of aluminum sol (except aquafortis), along with quantiy of nitric acid increased the PH, viscosity and particle size were all decreased while the stable storage time got longer. Keywords: AIP; aluminum sol; surface-active agent A 前 言铝溶胶是带正电荷的氧化铝胶粒分散在水中的胶体溶液，它被广泛应用于石油化工表面活性剂、硅酸铝纤维和陶瓷等耐高温材料的成型粘结剂、陶瓷搪瓷釉料的添加剂、制绒和静电织绒植绒的抗静电剂、纺织物及纤维品处理的成膜剂和抗静电剂、精密铸造的氧化铝浇铸料、颜料和涂料的乳化剂及安定剂、相纸表面处理剂、大棚防雾剂、防水剂等，还可用于无机纤维、活性氧化铝、高纯氧化铝、搪瓷、日用品、造纸等多种行业。　 目前，国内外生产铝溶胶的方法主要有（1）盐酸法高碱度铝溶胶[1]，俗称盐铝胶，即通过金属铝与盐酸反应制得，一般A1：C1(mol比)为1.1：1，溶胶的PH值为2-3，呈较强酸性，这种铝溶胶产品的腐蚀性很强，在加热使用过程中，还会放出大量强腐蚀性的HC1气体，因而，大大地限制了其使用范围；（2）以异丙醇铝为原料，水解后加硝酸回流陈化24h [2]；（3）SB粉，HNO3 为胶溶剂，84℃水中搅拌老化时间5h，冷却回流2h[3]；（4）无机铝[4]等人在硝酸铝中加入一定量氨水，产生凝胶后加入硝酸，陈化10h或24h制得铝溶胶。生产的普遍乳白色浆糊状，其胶粒微米级。 　 实验部分 .1 主要