氮掺杂碳纳米管载铂电催化甲醇的性能研究.DOCVIP

氮掺杂碳纳米管载铂电催化甲醇的性能研究 作者： 摘 要直接甲醇燃料电池（DMFC）作为能量转换装置。然而燃料电池催化剂催化活性低、不稳定、高成本制约了它的商业化发展。为降低燃料电池催化剂的成本及提高催化剂的电催化性能，本文通过多巴胺的自发聚合包裹碳纳米管（CNTs），再经过高温碳化，得到N掺杂的CNTs(N@CNTs），然后用还原法将Pt负载在N@CNTs，得到催化剂。采用CV和CA法研究其对甲醇的电催化氧化性能。结果表明，Pt/N@CNTs催化剂比酸化处理的碳纳米管（CNTs-AO）制备的Pt/CNTs-AO催化剂对甲醇的电催化氧化具有更好的性能。 关键词： 碳纳米管 铂纳米粒子 Electrochemical Performance of Pt/N@CNTs Electrocatalysts for Methanol Abstract: Direct methanol fuel cells is a kind of clean energy-converting device. It have drawn much of attention in recent years due to their high efficiency and emissions. However, the low electrochemical activity and high cost of the electrocatalysts are hindering the commercial application of fuel cell.In this dissertation, in order to reduce the cost of DMFC,s catalysts and increase its activity, nitrogen-doped carbon nano tube (N@CNTs) were synthesized by carbonized dopamine coated CNTs by spontaneous oxidative polymerization. Using N@CNTs as support. Pt were successfully supported on the N@CNTs surface by a reduction method and the obtained products were used as electrocatalysts for methanol oxidation. The electrocatalytic properties of Pt/N@CNTs nanohybrids for methanol oxidation in acid were characterized by CV and CA respectively. Compared with Pt/CNTs-AO catalysts, Pt/CN@CNTs catalysts have much better electrocatalytic activity and long-term stability toward methanol electrooxidation. Key words：Direct methanol fuel cells Nitrogen-doped Carbon nano tube Pt nanohybrids 0 前言 当今世界，能源是人类生存和经济发展的基础。然而，传统的能源的转换率低，在转换过程中产生废气、废水等有害物质对环境造成污染。因此，高转化率、环境友好的燃料电池[1]逐渐成为学者们的研究热点。燃料电池是一种将化学能直接转化为电能的能源转换装置，它减少了能量的损失，大大的提高了转化率[2]。因其具有环境友好、能量效率高、启动快等优点，有望代替内燃机成为汽车的发动机[3]。燃料电池种类繁多，根据电解质的不同，有碱性、酸性燃料电池和质子交换膜电池[4]，根据燃料的处理方式的不同，可分为直接式、间接式和再生式。而直接甲醇燃料电池（DMFC）就是以液态的、可再生的甲醇为燃料，直接将甲醇的化学能转换为电能，它是一种新型的绿色的能源技术。DMFC除了具有燃料电池的优点外，还具有原料易得，高储能密度，启动迅速，低辐射，装置简单易小化等优点[5]。被认为是解决能源问题的最佳途径之一。 DMFC的关键部分是电催化甲醇的催化剂，现目前大多数使用催化较好催化剂的贵金属铂[6]，然而贵金属铂在自然界中的储量少，价格昂贵，并且甲醇反应的中间产物COads [7]会使铂催化剂中毒，降低了催化剂的活性[8],这些因素都制约着DMFC的发展。为了解决这些问题，学者们主