出芽短梗霉菌菌株PA-2的除草活性及对作物的安全性.pdfVIP

30(2)232-238 中国生物防治学报 Chinese Journal of Biological Control 2014 年 4 月 出芽短梗霉菌菌株PA-2 的除草活性及对作物的安全性 李永龙，程 亮，朱海霞，郭青云* （青海省农林科学院/农业部西宁作物有害生物科学观测实验站/青海省农业有害生物综合治理重点实验室，青海 西宁 810016） 摘要：从青海省平安县发病杨树叶片上分离得到菌株 PA−2 ，其发酵滤液对多种阔叶杂草表现出较好的除 草活性。对该菌株的培养特征和 16S rDNA基因序列分析后，确定其为短梗霉属出芽短梗霉菌Aureobasidium pullulans 。盆栽试验表明，其发酵滤液对供试阔叶杂草猪殃殃、藜、冬葵、酸模叶蓼及禾本科野燕麦的 鲜重防效分别达到 87.25%、78.46% 、82.25%、62.11% 、80.27%。作物安全性试验结果表明，其发酵滤 液对小麦、蚕豆、青稞很安全，对油菜、豌豆有轻微影响。综上所述，菌株 PA−2 具有作为微生物除 草剂的开发潜力。 关 键 词：出芽短梗霉菌；杂草；生物防治；作物安全性 中图分类号：S476 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1005-9261 (2014)02-0232-07 Herbicidal Activity of Aureobasidium pullulans PA−2 on Weeds and Its Safety on Crops * LI Yonglong, CHENG Liang, ZHU Haixia, GUO Qingyun (Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Pest in Xining in Ministry of Agriculture/Key Laboratory of Agricultural Integrated Pest Management in Qinghai Province/Qinghai Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Science, Qinghai Xining 810016) Abstract: Strain PA−2 was isolated from diseased poplar leaves in Ping’an, Qinghai Province, the metabolites of the strain showed high herbicidal activity to target weeds. According to its culture characters and 16S rDNA sequence analysis, the strain was identified as Aureobasidium pullulans . The objectives were to determine mortality and fresh weight reductions of various weeds and to evaluate the host range of the fungus as influenced by the fermentation filtrate. The fresh weight reductions of A. pullulans to Galium aparine L. var. tenerum (Gren. et Godr.) Reichb., Chenopodium album L., Malva crispa L., Polygonum lapathifolium L., Avena fatua L. for weeds seedlings in the pot tests were 87.25%, 78.46%, 82.25%, 62.11%, 80.27% respectively. Respo