高速切削过程绝热剪切局部化断裂判据.pdfVIP

高速切削过程绝热剪切局部化断裂判据* 王敏杰 谷丽瑶 (大连理工大学精密和特种加工教育部重点实验室 大连 116024) 摘要：随着切削速度进一步提高，带有绝热剪切带(Adiabatic shear band，ASB) 的锯齿形切屑会不可避免地发生绝热剪切局部 化断裂(Adiabatic shear localization fracture，ASLF) ，使锯齿彼此完全分离。本文以淬硬45 钢(HRC 45)为例，采用前角-10°的 PCBN 刀具进行了进给0.2~0.4 mm、切削速度高达1 400 m/min 的高速正交车削试验，获得ASLF 发生时的切屑形貌、切削 条件以及剪切带内能量变化规律。结合梯度塑性理论，建立高速切削过程热塑性剪切波的传播模型，推导绝热剪切饱和极限 (Adiabatic shear saturation limit，ASSL)及饱和度(Adiabatic shear saturation degree，ASSD) 的表达式，提出ASLF 判据，并与试 验结果进行对比验证，分析讨论剪切带与材料属性、加载条件对ASSD 的影响规律。由热塑性剪切波的传播理论推导的ASSL 可有效描述剪切带中能量随切削条件的汇聚情况，为今后高速切削领域对锯齿形切屑发生ALSF 的预报研究奠定了理论与试 验基础。 关键词：高速切削 热塑性剪切波 绝热剪切局部化断裂 饱和极限 断裂判据 中图分类号：O346.1 TG 501.1 Fracture Criterion for Adiabatic Shear Localization during High Speed Cutting Process WANG Minjie GU Liyao (School of Mechanical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Precision and Non-traditional Machining, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024) Abstract ：As the cutting speed increases further, adiabatic shear localization fracture (ASLF) which is a fracture of adiabatic shear band (ASB) in serrated chip and makes segments separated completely inevitably. High speed machining experiment of hardened 45 steel (HRC 45) is carried out by using PCBN cutter with rake angle -10° at various speed up to 1 400 m/min and various feeds from 0.2 mm to 0.4 mm. The chip morphology, the cutting conditions and the corresponding changing regularity of energy in band are obtained. Combining gradient plasticity theory, the propagation model of thermo-plastic shear wave in serrated chip in high speed machining is established. Based on this theory, the expressions of adiabatic shear saturation limit (ASSL) and saturation degree (ASSD) are derived out, the fracture criterion of adiabatic shear locali