大企业集群治理合约选择的制度基础及演进机理研究.docVIP

大企业集群治理合约选择的制度基础及演进机理研究 GUAN Xin1，Zhao Jing2 1 School of Business Administration, Liaoning University, P.R.China, 110036 2 School of EconomicManagement, Tsinghua University, P.R.China, 100084 摘要：近年来(，那些伴随产业调整与产业升级出现的大企业集群，对拉动地方经济、提升区域竞争力、增强区域吸引力起着举足轻重的作用。本文首先对大企业集群的一般形态进行描述，并从企业价值网络视角对大企业集群“上游大、中间较小、下游适中”的基本特征进行概括分析。本文还尝试性地构建一个基于交易费用经济学的一般分析范式与企业价值模块属性相结合的理论分析框架，并基于这一分析框架，对大企业集群中企业间治理合约选择的制度基础及其基本类型进行较为深入剖析。同时，通过大企业集群价值网络的基本特征与制度安排的交易费用基础二者间的相互耦合，生动地阐释了大企业集群的一般生成机理，而且还从治理合约动态转化的视角分析了大企业集群的动态演进过程。 关键词：大企业集群，企业价值网络，资产专用性，不确定性 Abstract: The big-enterprise clusters, emerging with the industrial adjustment and industrial upgrade, have taken critical roles in promoting local economic, enhancing regional competitiveness and increasing regional attraction recently. In this article, we firstly make a general description of the big-enterprise cluster, and analyze the basic characteristic of the big-enterprise cluster, namely “ big in the upriver, small in the middle and fit in the downriver” from a perspective of interfirm value network. Then we try to construct a theoretic analyzing framework based on the TCE (short for Transaction Cost Economics), and use that theoretic analyzing framework to make deep analysis on the institutional basis and basic types of interfirm governance contracts in the big-enterprise cluster. Eventually, we will explain the forming institution of the big-enterprise cluster by coupling those two critical aspects above, namely the basic characteristic of interfirm value network and institutional basis of transaction cost, and then analyze the evolutional process from the viewpoint of dynamic evolution of the governance contracts among the enterprises. Keywords: Big-enterprise clusters, Interfirm value network, Asset specificity, Uncertainty 1 问题的提出 中国加入WTO以后，本土企业面临着日益激烈的国内外市场竞争，产业调整和产业升级的步伐也因此加快，越来越多的企业开始走上集群化发展道路，并出现了一批大企业集群。一方面，在东南沿海地区，一些中小企业开始通过集团化推进向大企业集群的转化；另一方面，在其它地区（如山东半岛和东北三省等）出现了诸如家电、钢铁、造船、汽车及石化等大企业集群。从形态上看，大企业集群是一个由众多规模不同的企业组成的综合体，以大企业为核心，众