Unit 13 Psychology英语.ppt

Unit 13 Psychology Reading skill: Distinguishing topic from main idea The main idea: is the reason or purpose for the author to write that passage. It is the author’s viewpoint on the subject. It is usually expressed in sentences. The topic: is the subject of a reading passage. Topics are expressed in words or phrases. Pre-reading tasks Warm-up questions: 1. What is psychology? 2. Do you know any psychologist? 2. Do you have any psychological problems? Background information Sigmund Freud Born (6 May 1856)Austrian Empire Died (23 September 1939) (aged?83) London, England, UK ResidenceAustria NationalityAustrian FieldsNeurology, Psychotherapy, PsychoanalysisInfluencesAristotle, Brentano, Breuer, Charcot, Darwin, Dostoyevsky, Goethe, Haeckel, Hartmann, Jackson, Jacobsen, Kant, Mayer, Nietzsche, Plato, Schopenhauer, Shakespeare, Notable awardsGoethe PrizeForeign Member of the Royal Society (London) Sigismund Schlomo Freud, was an Austrian neurologist who founded the discipline of psychoanalysis. Freuds family and ancestry were Jewish, and Freud always considered himself a Jew, although he rejected Judaism and had a critical view of religion. Freuds parents were poor, but ensured his education. Ideas : Dreams: Freud believed that the function of dreams is to preserve sleep by representing as fulfilled wishes that would otherwise awaken the dreamer.Freud believed that dreams have two contents: manifest and latent. Manifest content of the dream is the one that is seen; this, often bizarre and nonsensical, content is the clean version of the dream produced by the super ego. Latent content, on the other hand, is the actual meaning which underlies the manifest content and it is, often violent or sexually themed, produced by Id. Psychosexual development Id, ego, and super-ego Major works by Freud Studies on Hysteria (1895) The Interpretation of Dreams (1899 [1900]) The Psychopathology of Everyday Life (1901) Three Essays on the Theory of Sexuality (1