从《科学社会功能》被引情况看科学学发展历程.pdfVIP

从 《科学的社会功能》的被引情况看科学学的发展历程 胡志刚 侯海燕 大连理工大学wise 实验室 摘要 贝尔纳的《科学的社会功能》一书已经发表70 多年了，这本书的出版被认 为是科学学诞生的一个重要标志。利用文献计量学的方法，通过对《科学的社会功 能》一书的被引文献和共被引文献的分阶段解读，可以展现每个十年里该书所影响 的研究领域和该阶段的研究热点，也从一个侧面揭示了70 年来科学学研究的演变 和发展过程。结论显示，科学学发展70 年来，最早开始于对科学的反思，经历了 科学计量学的诞生，科学社会学的兴起，科技政策研究的开端，和向科学知识社会 学的转变，最终实现了多科学的多学科研究。鉴往知来，通过本文对科学学的发展 历史的展现，对于我们坚持贝尔纳所开创的科学学的研究传统，进一步建设科学学 学科具有一定的借鉴意义。 关键词 贝尔纳；《科学的社会功能》；科学学；引文分析；发展历程 A Look at the Development Process of Science of Science from the citation history of The Social Function of Science Abstract The Social Function of Science, a influential book authored by Bernard, has been published for 70 years. The publication of this book is considered as an important symbol of the birth of Science of Science. By using bibliometrics method, we conducted phased citation analysis and co-citation analysis for this book, and showed the research areas the book influented at each decade. It, from one side, reflects the evolution and development of Science of Science in the past 70 years. The findings suggest that the Science of Science, sicen it was born 70 years ago, has experienced the era of the reflection of science, the birth of scientometrics, the rise of the sociology of science, the opening of science and technology policy research, the development of Sociology of scientific knowledge, and ultimately to achieve a multi-disciplinary scientific research. From the history and the development of Science of Science, we are able to better adhere to the tradition of research in Science of Science pioneered by Bernard, and further construction of the scientific discipline. Keywords Bernard; The Social Function of Science; Science of Science;