基于BTOPMC模型的土地覆被变化径流响应模拟.pdfVIP

J. Lake Sci.(湖泊科学), 2008, 20(4): 507-513 . E-mail: jlakes@ ©2008 by Journal of Lake Sciences * 基于 BTOPMC 模型的土地覆被变化径流响应模拟 徐 静, 任立良**, 袁 飞, 刘晓帆 (河海大学水文水资源与水利工程科学国家重点实验室, 南京210098) 摘 要: 为分析土地覆被变化的水文效应, 构建4 种土地覆被情景, 采用BTOPMC 模型对淮河流域黄泥庄集水区 1982-1986 年的日径流过程进行模拟. 结果表明, 土地覆被变化对蒸散发量和径流量计算影响显著, 与现状覆被情景的模拟结果相比, 森林覆被情景蒸散发量增加, 径流量减少, 而林地草原和耕地覆被情景下情况相反, 且各土地覆被变化情景下枯季径流深的 变化幅度明显小于雨季的变化幅度. 该模型能较好地分析和评价土地覆被变化下的径流响应. 关键词: 土地覆被; 水文模拟; BTOPMC 模型 Simulation of runoff response to land cover changes based on BTOPMC model XU Jing, REN Liliang, YUAN Fei LIU Xiaofan (State Key Laboratory of Hydrology, Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, P.R.China) Abstract: To examine the effects of land cover change on hydrologic process, the BTOPMC model is applied to simulate the daily runoff in the study area controlled by the Huangnizhuang Hydrologic Station in the period of 1982-1986 based on four land cover scenarios. The results show that the land cover change influences the calculation of evapotranspiration and runoff obviously. Compared with the current land cover scenario, the evapotranspiration of the forest scenario increased and the runoff of it decreased. The case was opposite for woody savannas and cropland scenarios. The variation of runoff in dry season was smaller than that in rainy season under various land-cover change scenarios. Therefore, this model can evaluate and analyze the runoff response to land cover change appropriately. Keywords: Land cover; hydrologic simulation; BTOPMC model 当前水文学研究的热点方向之一是采用分布式流域水文模型模拟水循环要素过程, 而流域水量变 化又是水文过程中的最敏感因素. 土地覆被变化改变了地表蒸发、土壤水分状况及地表覆被的截留量 而影响径流的时空变化, 因而一直是科研工作者研究的热点问题之一[1]. 地表下垫面变化影响着流域