自然会话中人物指称现象的三分模式研究_马博森.pdfVIP

2007 6 2007, l 6 2 1 9 Foreign Languages and Their T eaching Serial l 2 19 自然会话中人物指称现象的三分模式研究 马博森 ( 浙江大学外国语言文化与国际交流学院, 浙江杭州 310058) : 本文尝试提出了 一个研究自然会话中人物指称现象的三分模式该模式由三部分组 : 人物本体层共享知识层 和语言体现层在人物本体层, 我们首先区分了现实世界话语世界和心理世界三 个概念, 然后以此为基础, 探讨了会话中的 人物类型在共享知识层, 我们主要探讨两 个问题: 一是分析会话双方在涉及各种人物时是如何估计对方的共享知识状态的; 二是分析会话双方就对方共享知识状态所作的估计对其选择合适的指称形式有何影响在语言体现层, 我们重点研究说话人 在各种不同情况下具体选择哪些语言形式来指称不同类型的人物 : 自然会话; 人物指称; 三分模式 Abstract: This paper makes an attem pt to put forw ard a tripartite approach to the study of reference establishment achie ed by speakers. In this tripartite approach, w e propose a three- lin e analysis scheme: human entity analysis; mutual knowledge analysis and linguistic realization analysis. Along the line of human entity analysis, w e first make a distinction among actual w orld, discourse w orld and mental w orld. On the basis of this,w e distinguish different types of human entity. Along th e line of mutual know ledge analysis,w e con centrate on tw o issues. While the first one is concerned w ith how the speaker and the hearer in con ersation make continuous assessments about each other. s mutual know ledge, the second one is about the effect these assess- ments may ha e on their referential choices concern ing different types of human entity. Along the line of linguistic realization analysis, our research focus is on w hat linguistic forms speakers select to refer to different types of human entity in different circumstances. Key Words: spontaneous con ersation; reference to persons; tripartite approach : H0 : A : 1004- 6038( 2007) 06- 0001- 06 , 1. , Brow n Gilman( 1972) Friedrich ( 1966) Fillmore( 1997) Wilson ( 1990)