细评莎剧《哈姆莱特》中一段独白的四种权威汉译.pdfVIP

蒋坚霞：细评莎剧《哈姆莱特》中一段独白的四种权威汉译 53 细评莎剧《哈姆莱特》中一段独白的四种权威汉译 蒋坚霞 内容提要：本文针对莎士比亚悲剧《哈姆莱特》中“To be, or not to be: that is the question ”这段著名独白的朱生豪、梁实秋、 卞之琳和方平的四种权威汉译提出批评。四位译者对原文某些词义和语法结构未能正确理解而产生了误译；同时他们对本国 语言的掌握也存在欠缺，译文啰唆繁赘而不符合汉语习惯，以致无法传达出原文的真实意蕴和优美简洁的语言艺术风格。本 文作者提出一种新的翻译莎翁诗剧的方法，即以一个汉字译一个英语音节，并极力做到在语句结构上和深层意义上贴近原 文，以确保莎翁独有的神韵和风采。 关键词：莎士比亚　哈姆雷特　独白　翻译　简洁 作者简介：蒋坚霞，华中科技大学外国语学院，研究方向为莎士比亚与英语诗歌翻译。 Title: A Comment on Four Chinese Translations of One of Hamlets Soliloquies Abstract: This paper makes some comments on the four authoritative Chinese translated texts of a soliloquy of Hamlet by W. Shakespeare. The translators do not understand the original language very well and they make many mistakes in their translations. They are even unable to use their own native language correctly so that they lose themselves in verbiage which does not tally with the Chinese usage. In a word, they fail to convey the actual inner meaning of the soliloquy and to reflect the grace and brevity of the original as well. Here the author proposes a new translation method of Shakespeares drama in verse, that is, one English syllable is changed into one Chinese character with only one syllable. And at the same time, he does his best to keep up correspondence between the Chinese and the English both in the structure of sentences and in the meaning of words so as to ensure the reappearance of Shakespeares unique charm and graceful bearing. Key words: Shakespeare　Hamlet　soliloquy　translation　brevity Author: Jiang Jianxia, is from The School of Foreign Languages, Huazhong University of Science and Technology. His research interests are W. Shakespeare and English poetry translation. 《哈姆莱特》是莎士比亚十部悲剧中居于首 发人们无穷思考。“莎士比亚利用比喻、对比、 位的不朽经典名篇，约写于1601年，是莎士比亚 铺陈、设问等种种修辞方式，‘巧妙地平衡了生 迈向创作高峰的重要标杆。该剧艺术构思奇巧超 与死、求死与畏死、死之痛苦与生之痛苦等种种 [1] 绝，人物刻画精到细微，戏剧性故事情节起伏跌 对立情况’。”