新四级题型 写作.pptVIP

新四级题型 短文写作 评分标准 ０分－白卷；作文与题目不相关；只有几个孤立的词，无法表达思想． ２分－条理不清楚，思路紊乱，语言支离破碎，连贯性差，有较多严重的语言错误． ５分－基本切题，表达思想不够清楚，连贯性差，有较多严重的语言错误． ８分－基本切题，有些地方表达思想不够清楚，文字勉强连贯，但语言错误较多，其中有少量的严重错误． １１分－切题，表达思想清楚，文字连贯，但有少量的语言错误． １４分－切题，表达思想清楚，文字通顺，连贯性较好，基本上无语言错误． 论说文的开头段 1. 引用法: 以一段引言作为段落的开头,可以是名人格言、谚语或流行语，加强文章力度。 e.g. As the saying goes, “How time flies!” How to spend one’s time properly is becoming increasingly important. 2.提问法：提出一个或一连串的问题，激起读者兴趣． e.g. Do you have many friends? Are they similar to you or different from you? ３.定义法：对题目中关键词做一些简单的（或正面／反面的）解释，限定其范围．引出主题． e.g. What is advertisement? It is the words or pictures used on media, TV for example, to publicize a certain product or give a warning to people.（正面定义） ４.数字法：以针对某一问题客观报道的数字作为开头，尤其适用于图表作文． e.g. The population of US is growing rapidly from 1800 until now. In 1800 the population was less than 1,000,000, but in 1999 the US reaches a population of 250,000,000. 5. 故事法：用简单有趣的小故事引起读者的兴趣，进而提出自己的观点． e.g. Most of us may have such experience: when you go to some place far away from the city where you live and think you know nobody there, you are surprised to find that you run into one of your old classmates on the street, perhaps both of you would cry out: “What a small world!” 6. 开门见山法：在开头就把自己的观点提出来，然后展开论述 e.g. As a human being, one can hardly do without a friend. 7.间接开头法：以叙述别人的观点开始，引出自己的看法． e.g. People often say that money can buy all things, but I don’t think it is true. 8.概括法：先概括总结文章内容涉及的现状，然后引出主题． e.g. In recent years, while our industries and business have developed quickly, the number of trees in many big cities has dramatically reduced. 论说文的结尾段 1.总结法或重述法：在结尾段概括、重述全文的中心思想，但不简单重复主题句，要在句式和措辞上有所变化. e.g. On the whole there are more advantages than disadvantages in the use of TV. 2.建议法：就前文提到的问题进行分析、比较之后，提出一些解决问题的方法或建议. e.g. It is high time for governments of developing countries to do something to encourage their people to eat the right kind of food so as to help them improve their health conditions. 3.评价法：结合自己的实际，对文章中提到的观点进行评价，明确个人立场，或谈谈个人