选择性激光熔化快速成形用金属粉体材料的研究进展.pdfVIP

I2 选择性激光熔化快速成形用金属粉体材料研究进展 11 1 2 1 2 李瑞迪 史玉升 刘锦辉 王志刚 陈继兵 （1.华中科技大学 材料成形与模具技术国家重点实验室，湖北武汉 430074； 2.黑龙江科技学院 现代制造工程中心，黑龙江哈尔滨 150027） 摘要：选择性激光熔化（Selective Laser Melting, SLM ）是一种基于金属粉末直接成形的快速成 形技术。该技术无需模具可以直接成形复杂的金属零部件，致密度接近 100%，性能可以达到锻 件的水平。然而，SLM 技术容易出现一些成形缺陷，如球化、孔隙与裂纹。这些成形缺陷都与 相应的成形材料有关，因为粉体的特性决定了 SLM 过程中熔体的物理冶金行为以及相应的成形 性能。目前，研究 SLM 成形的粉体材料成分、粒度、制备方法等已经成为一个重要研究课题。 本文介绍了近年来有关 SLM 粉体材料的分类、成形性能以及相关的成形特点，并提出了今后的 发展方向。 关键词：选择性激光熔化；快速成形；粉体材料；研究进展 Research development of powder materials used for selective laser melting 1 1 2 1 LI Ruidi , SHI Yusheng , LIU Jinhui , WANG Zhigang , CHEN Jibing2 (1. Huazhong University of Science and Technology, state key laboratory of materials processing die mould technology, Wuhan, 430074 ,China ；2. Heilongjiang institute of science and technology, modern manufacture engineering center, Harbin, 150027, China) Abstract: Selective laser melting (SLM) is a rapid prototyping manufacturing (R PM) technology based on metal powders. This technology enables the manufacture of metal parts with complex shapes directly from metal powders. The final parts made by SLM could possess a dense density close to 100% and high property close to that of forging piece. Nevertheless, there are some defects existed in SLM technology, such as balling effect, pore and cracking. These forming defects are all related to forming materials, thus the characteristics of metal powders can determine the physical metallurgical behavior of melting pools, and accordingly the SLM forming performance. Up to now, the study on powder gra