毒死蜱对环境生物的毒性和安全性评价.pdfVIP

( ) 浙江农业学报 A cta A griculturae Zhej iangensis 16 5 :292～298 ,2004 毒死蜱对环境生物的毒性与安全性评价 赵 　华 ,李 　康 ,吴声敢 ,吴长兴 ,徐 　浩 ,胡秀卿 ,吴 　珉 (浙江省农业科学院 农产品质量标准研究所 , 浙江 杭州 310021) 摘 　要 :按照“化学农药环境安全评价试验准则”的规定 ,测定了毒死蜱农药对蜜蜂 、家蚕 、鱼类 、鸟类 、赤眼 蜂 、蛙类 、蚯蚓 、土壤微生物 8 种环境生物的毒性并作出安全性评价 。结果表明:毒死蜱对蜜蜂 、家蚕 、鱼类 、 鸟类 、赤眼蜂 、蛙类属高毒农药 ,但对蚯蚓 、土壤微生物是安全的。田间使用时 ,必须严禁药液流入水域 ,造成 对鱼 、蛙的危害 ;必须远离桑园和蜜蜂活动区 ,防止鸟类和赤眼蜂摄入 , 以免造成对家蚕 、蜜蜂 、鸟类和赤眼蜂 的危害 。 关键词 :毒死蜱 ;环境生物 ;毒性 ;安全评价 + ( ) 中图分类号 :S481 . 1 　　　　　　　文献标识码 :A 文章编号 :1004 - 1524 2004 05 - 0292 - 07 Evaluation on toxicity and safety of chlorpyrifos to environmental organisms ZHAO Hua ,L I Kang ,WU Shenggan ,WU Changxing ,XU Hao ,HU Xiuqing ,WU Min ( Institute of Quality and Standardf or Agrop roducts , Zhej iang Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Hangzhou , 310021 , Chi ) na Abstract :The toxicity of chlorpyrifos to 8 species of environmental organisms was studied and the safety evaluated , accord ing to ‘Experimental Guideline for Environmental Safety Evaluation of Chemical Pesticide ’. The results showed that chlor pyrifos is highly toxic to bee ( Ap is mellif era ) ,silkworm ( B ombyx mori ) , fish ( B rachy danio rerio ) ,bird ( Coturnix coturnix ) , parasites ( Trichogramma. nubilale and Trichogramma. ostriniae ) and frog ( R ana limnocharis ) , whereas the toxicity to earthworm ( Eiseniaf oelide ) and soil microbe is low. Therefore , when chlorpyrifos is used in fields , it is strictly prevented that the pesticide solution or liquid containing this chemical flows into rivers and ponds to inj ure fish and frogs. Nerther should chlorpyrifos be used nearby mulberry fields or the region of bee life , nor be taken by birds and