21世纪经济、环境能源.pdfVIP

21 世纪经济、环境与能源 交通运输部水运科学研究所 吴维平 关键词： 21 世纪 经济 能源 环境 区域环境承载力 Keyword : 21st century Economy Energy Environment Regional environment bearing capacity 摘要 本文从宏观经济发展周期入手，从学术层面宏观探讨21 世纪经济和人类活动 由于资源能源限制、生物圈和全球气候变化诸因素影响产生的主要问题，重点提 出区域环境承载力、可再生能源对新一轮经济的影响，探讨生命科学探索和能源 开发间的关联，旨在从环境经济学的角度、以创新和全球协调的途径研究21 世 纪经济发展中环境、资源、能源制约需要面对的问题，包括：地球生物圈、区域 环境承载力、敏感区域开发与保护、能源、资源与生命科学；强调可再生替代能 源及广泛应用将诞生于人类对生命过程和微观物体结构的深入思考和探索，通过 传统能源结构的革命和现有经济结构的转型，推动全球经济新一轮崛起和繁荣。 Summary ：This article obtains from the macro economic development cycle, the 21st century were discussed from the academic level of macro economy and human activities due to the limited energy resources, ecosystem and global climate change the factors affecting the main problems, highlight the regional environmental bearing capacity, the influence of renewable energy for a new round of economic, the study of life science exploration and the correlation between energy development, from the perspective of environmental economics, with innovation and global coordination way of research in the 21st century economic development environment, resources and energy constraints facing problems, including: the earth ecosystem sensitive, regional environmental bearing capacity, regional development and protection, energy, resources and life sciences; Emphasis on renewable alternative energy sources and widely used will be born in the process of the human life and micro structure of the deep thinking and exploring object, through the structure of the traditional energy revolution and transformation of the existing economic structure, promoting the rise of a new round of global economy and prosperity. 1 引言 一个世纪以来，全球经济经过工业革命和信息技术发展的推动，其规模和总 量超过以往任何一个时期甚至超出数个世纪的总和。自18世纪初机械化技术为 标志的工业革命以来，人类经济发展经过五个大的发展周期，人类在适应环境和 自身需求的同时创造了前所未有的财富，也经历了自然和人类自身的灾难和挫 折。上个世纪中后期的经济的快速发展，由于环境、能源制约和需求失衡，本世