劳动力务农机会成本及生计资本对丘陵山区农地弃耕的影响——基于重庆市酉阳县的实证.pdfVIP

household survey, 246 valid questionnaires were obtained using PRA, concept of opportunity cost in economics and livelihoods theory; Binary Logistic regression model to explain impact factors of agricultural land abandonment. The results indicate: (1) Youyang county exist a large number of agricultural land abandonment through the survey data. There are 27.72% of the total area of cultivated land abandoned and 10.09% transferred; (2) The labor opportunity cost is rising at county scale. Wage income is higher doing short—term work or odd job in labor opportunity cost. The rising labor opportunity cost exist spatial and geographical differences, Trough valley area Low mountain region Middle mountain region; (4) The changing labor opportunity cost is the main reason for explaining farmer’s abandonment behavior in hilly area, especially in middle and low mountain region. (4) Farmer’s natural capital, physical capital and social capital in livelihood capitals have also impacts on abandonment behavior. It is concluded that, labor opportunity cost and livelihood capital can explain impact factors of agricultural land abandonment behavior in the hilly area, and provide in—depth understanding of marginalization of agricultural land in hilly and mountains. Key words: labor opportunity cost; livelihood capital; hilly area; abandonment behavior; Youyang county 1 引言 全球陆地计划（Global Land Project, GLP ）强调要加强自然和人文因素的界面研究，从而更好地量测、模 拟和理解人类—环境耦合系统[1] 。探寻人地系统的变化，需加强自然—人文界面过程的研究，即探讨人类活 动如何引起自然环境的变化，该变化是怎样影响人类的福利，在这种循环演替的复杂系统中，人们是如何响应 自然环境的变化等重大问题。农地利用变化是土地利用变化研究的重要领域，农地利用变化的驱动机制、农地 利用变化的生态环境效应、典型区域的农地利用变化的实证解释等已成为国内外学者广泛关注的话题。近年来， 生计方式演变逐渐成为微观尺度研究土地利用/覆被变化的新视角[2] ，学术界开展了大量案例研究，通过从单 一的作用关系到寻求驱动—反馈的共同作用均取得了诸多有益的成果[3—7] 。 随着我国城镇化进程中农村劳动力大量外迁，农村劳动力务农机会成本呈现上升的趋势，进而造成农业经 [8] 营的利润减少，农地的地租下降，土地的利用呈现