英语写作：运用因果结构提高写作水平.pdfVIP

大学英语 运用因果结构，提高写作水平 江汉大学副教授 张世群 在相关的英语等级考试和英语入学考试中， since, as, now that, for (并列连词)等。例如： 写作多用议论文一类说理性的和分析性的文 1. N ow that we have seen these great 体。而议论文从根本上讲就是要 “摆事实、讲 achievements with our own eyes, we feel more proud 道理”，就是要分析事物变化的原因和必然的 than ever of our country. 结果。可见议论文这种体裁要求我们具有正确 2. Professor Liu is strict with us because he 表述原因和运用因果结构的能力。 wants us to make rapid progress. 　　先来看几个病句： 3. Since we live near the sea, we enj oy a healthy * 1. The real reason to our failure is not far to climate. seek. 4. Pollution is still a serious problem, not that * 2. The reason for this is because some people we don ’t have the ability to solve it, but that some want to earn plenty of money without working hard. people have not realized the consequences of the * 3. Because we know that a foreign language problem. is a weapon which can be used in the challenging 5. She felt no fear, for she was a brave girl. future. 较为特别的是for作并列连词所表示的原因 * 4. Because they had no political power, so 往往提供上下文未交代过的情况；它所引导的 they were oppressed in that society. 分句只能放在后面，或单独成为一个句子，这 类似的病句从考研作文中还能挑出一些。从 些是与because 不一样的。 遣词上看，这几位考生具有一定的语言功底，not 二、借助某些词语用简单句表达原因。例 far to seek, plenty of money, without working hard, 如: were oppressed in等均运用恰当。问题均出在表 　　1. D iligence is the key factor of success. 原因的词语或搭配关系上。例如，句1中的reason (Diligence is the reason of success.) 不能与to搭配，正确的用法是接介词for ；句2的 2. Idleness is the root of all evils. 错误是中国学生常易犯的，就是because这个词 (Idleness is the reason of all evils.) 不能引导表语从句，而应该改用that才符