沙埋深度和种子大小对沙芥属植物种子萌发、出苗及幼苗生长的影响.pdf

摘 要 本文以沙芥属蔬菜沙芥 （Pugionium cornutum(L.) Gaerth.）和斧翅沙芥 （P. dolabratum Maxim. ）为材料，在温室条件下研究沙埋深度和种子大小对沙芥属植 物种子萌发、出苗及幼苗生长的影响。结果表明：沙埋深度显著影响沙芥和斧翅沙 芥的种子的萌发和出苗。沙子表面的种子不能萌发。2cm 和4cm 的浅层沙埋时，种 子萌发率、出苗率和出苗速率最高，休眠率和死亡率最低，沙芥种子在沙埋深度超 过 8cm、斧翅沙芥种子在沙埋深度超过4cm 后，种子的萌发率和出苗率显著降低， 休眠率和死亡率显著上升。种子大小对沙芥和斧翅沙芥种子的萌发和出苗也有显著 影响。对于沙芥，2-16cm 的沙埋下，大种子的种子萌发率和出苗率比中粒种子和小 种子高。对于斧翅沙芥，2-8cm 的沙埋下，大种子幼苗出土率和种子萌发率比中粒 种子和小种子高，在沙埋深度超过 12cm 后，由于出苗率降低，种子大小没有显著 作用。对幼苗进行沙埋后，轻度沙埋在一定程度上能够促进沙芥属植物幼苗的生长， 幼苗生物量、株高、各部分生长速率都高于未沙埋，而重度沙埋导致幼苗死亡。沙 埋使幼苗分配更多的资源用于地上部分的生长，地上部分生物量比增大。沙芥和斧 翅沙芥大种子所成幼苗沙埋后恢复生长所需时间短，所成幼苗高度、生物量累积速 率和累积量高于小种子。 关键词：沙芥；斧翅沙芥；沙埋深度；种子大小；种子萌发；出苗；幼苗生长 Effects of sand burying on seed germination 、seedling emergence and seedling growth of Pugionium Gaertn. Abstract Sand burial is a common phenomenon in sand dune ecosystems all over the world. Although many studies concerning the effects of sand burial on seed germination seedling emergence and seedling growth have been conducted in many parts of the world, such studies are rare in Pugionium cornutum(L.) Gaerth.and P. dolabratum Maxim.of Pugionium Gaertn. Experiments were conducted under controlled conditions in greenhouse to study the effects of sand burial and seed size on seed germination seedling emergence and seedling growth of Pugionium cornutum(L.) Gaerth.and P. dolabratum Maxim. The results showed that sand burial depth had significant effects on seed germination and seedling emergence of Pugionium cornutum(L.)Gaerth. and P. dolabratum Maxim.The highest percentage of germinated seeds,emerged seedlings and emergence rate and the lowest percentage of dominated seed and dead seed occurred at 2 cm and 4 cm burial depth.Few seeds lying on the sur