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Injection Molds A. Basic mold design An injection mold consists of at least two halves that are fastened to the two platens of the injection molding machine so that they can be opened and closed. In the closed position, the product-forming surfaces of the two mold halves define the mold cavity into which the plastic melt is injected via the runner system and the gate. Cooling provisions in the mold provide for cooling and solidification of the molded product so that it can be subsequently ejected. B. Types of Ejection For product ejection to occur ,the mold must open. The shapes of the molded product determines whether it can be ejected simply by opening the two mold halves or whether undercuts must be present. The design of a mold is dictated primarily by the shape of the product to be molded and the provisions necessary for product ejection. Injection-molded products can be classified as: Products without undercuts(e.g., plaques, strips, half-shells, cups). Products with external undercuts or lateral openings(e.g., spools and bobbins, beverage crates, threaded bolts). Products with internal undercuts (e.g., threaded closures, housings). Products with external and internal undercuts(e.g., bumper fascias, electrical and automotive instrument housings, cameras, etc.). C. Design Rules There are many rules for designing molds. These rules and standard practices are based on logic, past experience, convenience, and economy. For designing, mold making, and molding, it is usually of advantage to follow the rules. But occasionally, it may work out better if a rule is ignored and an alternative way is selected. In this text, the most common rules are noted, but the designer will learn only from experience which way to go. The designer must ever be open to mew ideas and methods, to new molding and mold materials that may affect these rules. D. The Basic Mold 1. Mold Cavity Space The mold cavity space is a shape inside the mold, ”excavated”(by machining th