普静茹英语翻译.docVIP

工程管理专业英语 大作业 班级：工程管理081班 姓名：普靖茹 日期：2011年12月2日 Effective Bidding Submitting a competitive bid for production of a specific product or performance of a particular job is a task required of organizations in many different types of industries, such as construction, manufacturing, and government contracting. In their paper Effective Bid Pricing for Unit Price Contracts, John Burnett and J Howard Finch explore the process of setting the price of a bid. They stress that a firm must set a price that will be profitable for the firm, yet competitive with other bids. A higher-priced bid will increase the firms rate of return, but it may take the firm out of the competition. A lower-priced bid will certainly increase the firms chances of winning the con-tract, but it may also render the project unprofitable. Therefore, great care must be taken when setting the price. This chapter will introduce you to various types of contracts and pricing considerations that are addressed during this bidding process. 提交一个竞争投标生产的一种特定的产品或某一特定工作性能的要求是一个任务的组织在许多不同类型的产业的发展,诸如建筑、制造和政府契约。在论文中“有效的投标价格合同单价,”约翰·伯内特和J霍华德·芬奇理解的认知过程设置价格的报价。他们强调,企业必须树立了一个价格,公司将是有利可图的,然而竞争与其他投标。较高的公司的投标将增加收益率,但它可能会采取坚定的出局。一个低价出价肯定会增加公司、获胜的机会,但它也使项目赔钱生意。因此,必须非常小心,设置价格时照的。本章将向你介绍各种类型的合同和价格因素,得到在这个招标过程。 The development of proposed solutions by interested contractors or by the customers internal project team in response to a customers request for proposal is the second phase of the project life cycle. This chapter covers this phase, which starts when the RFP becomes available at the conclusion of the needs identification phase and ends when an agreement is reached with the person, organization, or contractor selected to implement the proposed solution (see Figure 3.1). You will become familiar with ? proposal marketing strategies and the bid/no-bid decision ? the development