中国农村居民工资性收入的地区差距[J].docVIP

中国农村居民工资性收入的地区差距 ──影响因素及路径 余吉祥 沈坤荣 内容提要 区域间农村居民的收入差距是中国收入分配问题研究的重要方面，而工资性收入的地区差距又是导致区域间农村居民收入差距的重要原因。本文分析了中国农村居民工资性收入的地区差距的影响因素，量化了它们对工资性收入的地区差距的贡献，初步确定了其作用路径。本文发现，中国农村居民工资性收入的地区差距由各地区农村居民的非农就业机会差距以及农村劳动力的非农劳动报酬差距共同解释，但后者的解释能力更强。使用基于回归方程的分解方法，本文还发现，非国有化是导致工资性收入地区差距第一位的影响因素，它的作用不仅在于导致了地区间非农就业机会的不均等，还在于导致了地区间非农劳动报酬的不均等；全球化和城市化，特别是城市化，主要通过非农劳动报酬作用于工资性收入差距；教育主要导致了非农劳动报酬的地区差距，人均耕地面积主要导致了非农就业机会的地区差距。 关 键 词 农村居民 工资性收入 非农就业机会 非农劳动报酬 地区差距 Interprovincial Inequality of Wage Income of Rural Residents in China Abstract: The interprovincial inequality of income in rural China is important for the research of income distribution of China, and interprovincial inequality of wage income is the main cause for the interprovincial inequality of income in rural China. This paper analyzes the factors of interprovincial inequality of wage income in rural China, computes their contribution and also finds their affecting paths. The results of this paper show, the interprovincial inequality of wage income of rural residents will be interpreted by both the interprovincial inequalities of non-agricultural employment chance and returns to rural labor, but the latter is more important. Using a decomposition approach based on regression, the results show that, privatization are more important factors for the interprovincial inequality of wage income of rural residents, which has the effect through two ways, not only the non-agricultural employment chance but the non-agricultural returns to rural labor. This paper also finds that, globalization, urbanization have the effect on wage income inequality through the non-agricultural returns to rural labor. And education has the effect mainly through the non-agricultural returns to rural labor, however, land has the effect mainly through the non-agricultural employment chances. Key Words: Rural Residents; Wage Income; Non-agricultural Employment Chances; Non-agricultural Returns to Rural Labor; Interprovincial Inequality 作者简介： 1.余吉祥，南京大学经济学院博士生；通