Mixing Zone Guidelines Application in a Smelter in Northern Sweden with Discharge to the Baltic Sea.pdfVIP

JournalofEnvironmentalScienceandEngineeringA 1(2012)1185-1196 FormerlypartofJournalofEnvironmentalScienceandEngineering，ISSN 1934—8932 曰 l墨 H IN G MixingZoneGuidelinesAppppliccaattiioonni’nnaSmm,eq．ItteerrIin NorthernSwedenwithDischargetotheBalticSea ArnolaCeka DepartmentofAquaticSciencesandAssessment,FacultyofNaturalResourcesandAgriculturalSciences，SwedishUniversityof AgriculturalSciences，Uppsala75007,Sweden Received：May30，2012／Accepted：October9，2012／Published：October20，2012 Abstract：ThispilotstudyintendedtoinvestigatetheapplicationofM ixingZoneGuidelinesinnorthernSweden．TheEC fEuropean Commission)．MixingZoneGuidelineswereappliedtosevenefnuentdischarges．Theemuentswerefrom industrialprocessesused intheR6nnsk~rsmelter．innorthernSweden．EachoutletinthesmelterareadischargeswaterintotheBothnianbayoftheBalticSea． Cadmium (Cd)，mercury(Hg)，nickel(Ni)andlead(Pb)weretheprimarysubstancespresentintheeffluents．A “TieredApproach” wasofllowedformixingzoneassessmentsineachofthedischargepoints．DischargeTestwasusedatTier2andCORMIX (Cornell MixingZoneExpertSystemmode1)，version7，atTier3．Ateachdischargepoint，theAA—EQS(annualaverage-environmental aua1itystandrad)ofreachmetalwasmetwithinadistanceof500m from theoutfalls．Thisdistancewasexceededtomeetthe MAC—E0s(maximumallowableconcentration．environmentalqualitystandard)criteriaatpoints1and3ofrtotalHgconcentrations． However，ofrtheproperapplication ofMixingZoneGuidelines，aversion oftheDischargeTestofrcoastalwatersshouldbe developedandused．ThedecisionatwhichtierthedissolvedmetalconcentrationshouldbecomparedwithEQSvalHCSCOulddepend ontheeffiuentcharacteristics．ForSwedishcoastalwaters．someconsiderationshouldbegiventothebackgroundconcentrationof meta1s． Keywords：MixingZoneGuidelines，EQS (EnvironmentalQualityStandards)criteria,metalconcentrations，dischragetest， C0RM IX． 1．Intr0ducti0n