fault isolation in multicast trees - research.cs.tamu.edu.pptVIP

Fault Isolation in Multicast Trees Anoop Reddy, Ramesh Govindan, Deborah Estrin. USC/Information Sciences Institute Presented by: Srikrishna Gurugubelli Motivation Multicasting is used for streaming video and audio. Any route change or packet loss will affect the quality. Need a method to efficiently track the fault and correct it. Introduction Fault isolation in the context of large multicast distribution trees. Focus is on single source trees. Problem: locating on-tree router or link which is the origin of a fault. Fault: link with significant packet loss or origin of a route change resulting in the change of path from source to receiver. Methodology of Fault Isolation A session watcher at each receiver Session watcher sends periodic probes Keeps a history of the probe responses Coordinates with other session watchers to minimize overhead and probe load. Na?ve Technique Each session watcher (wa) periodically traces its path to the source(using mtrace) and maintains history of these traces. Using this information it can identify the link responsible for significant loss. Locating router responsible for a route change is not possible without querying other session watchers on the path. Most links are monitored by more than one session watcher Scaling problem: closer the source of distribution tree, greater the overhead of mtrace requests. Subcast-Based Fault Isolation Relies on two capabilities Ability of a session watcher Wa to specify a hop limit h on an mtrace request. The request terminates at a router R which is h hops away from the receiver. This turnaround router generates the mtrace response. Subcast: router support to allow a sender to specify that a packet be multicast to the subtree rooted at the specified router. Overview If path to source overlaps, only one of the session watchers needs to monitor the overlapped segment. A session watcher Wa which is at a longer distance from the common ancestor goes beyond it. The other session watcher Wb will termina