顾及DEM误差自相关坡度计算模型精度分析_刘学军.pdfVIP

37 　 2 　　　 Vo.l37, No.2 　2008 5 ACTAGEODAETICAetCARTOGRAPHICASINICA May, 2008 　　:100 1-1595 (2008)02-0200-07 :P208　　　　:A DEM 刘学军, 卞　璐, 卢华兴, 朱　莹 , 2 10046 TheAccuacyAssessmentonSlopeAlgoithmswithDEM E o SpatialAutoco elation LIUXue-jun, BIANLu, LUHua-xing, ZhuYing VitualGeogaphicalenvionmentofMOEkeylaboatoy, NanjingNomalUnivesity, Nanjing2 10046 China Abstac:tSlopeisthemostfequentlyutilizedvaiablesinGIS-basedteainanalysisandgeogaphicalmodeling. Theehavebeensomeanalysesoftheaccuacyofthesevaiablesdeivedfomgid-basedDEM.Withanalyticaland smiulatedmethod, thispapeassessesthefouslopealgoithmsthatwidelyapplyincuentlyGISandteainanalysis softwae.Withthefindingsofthisstudy, wecandawthefollowingconclusion:s① the3 dNonWeightedFinite Diffeence(3 FD)slopealgoithmcanestimatemoeaccuatelyslopethananyotheslopealgoithmsundeanyci- cumstanc,ewhethetheDEM eoisspatialautocoelatedono;t② Thestuctueofthespatialautocoelation modelsisnotkeyfoassessingtheaccuacyoftheslopealgoithm;s③ TheaccuacyofslopeestimatedfomDEM witheo sspatialautocoelationisbettethanthatfomDEMeowithoutautocoelation.Itcanbetheefoecon- cludedthattheeoinfomationaboutaDEMshouldnotonlycontainRootMeanSquaeE o(RMSE)ofDEM, but alsoanestimationofthespatialautocoelationoftheelevationeos. Keywods:DigitalElevationModel(DEM);slop;eslopealgoithm;MonteCalosimulation;eospatialautocoelation 　:基于 DEM的坡度计算, 其误差来源于 DEM误差、DEM结构和坡度计算模型。在顾及 DEM误差自相 关的前提下, 对四种 DEM坡度计算模型进行 分析和评价。研究表明, 三阶不带权差分能给出较高的坡度计 算精度;在局部窗口中, 格网点数量越多, 坡度计算越准确;等权比不等权的坡度计算模型更准确;DEM误差自 相关结构形式对坡度计算无影响。进一步的理论分析和试验分析还表明:DEM误差自相关性的存在, 不仅能 够改善地形分析的精度, 也能改善 DEM自身精度。 :数字高程模型;坡度;坡度计算模型;MonteCalo模拟;误差空间自相关