河流心滩形成模式与构建技术研究.pdfVIP

第35卷摇 第5期 北 京 林 业 大 学 学 报 Vol.35,No.5 2013年9月 JOURNAL OF BEIJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY Sep. ,2013 河流心滩形成模式与构建技术研究 王摇 兵摇 顾摇 岚摇 王翠峰摇 高甲荣 北京林业大学水土保持学院,水土保持与荒漠化防治教育部重点实验室 摘要:选取北京市白河人为扰动较少的24个样点河段内的12 处心滩进行实地调查,并依靠调查数据对心滩的形 成、分布特征及在增加物种多样性方面作了相关的分析与研究。 结果表明,河流心滩有增加河道断面形式和生物 多样性等多种作用。 考虑到城市河流生态系统较为脆弱的现状,认为可通过在城市河道修建人工心滩的方式来对 城市河道进行生态改造。 在此基础上提出了心滩的构建原则,以及“直道滩冶“弯道滩冶“群滩冶3种构建方式,旨在 为城市河道生态治理和恢复提供参考。 关键词:心滩;城市河道;物种多样性;生态改造 鄄鄄 鄄鄄 鄄鄄 中图分类号:S715郾3;TV853摇 摇 文献标志码:A摇 摇 文章编号:1000 1522 2013 05 0079 05 WANG Bing; GU Lan; WANG Cui鄄feng; GAO Jia鄄rong. Formation pattern and construction 鄄鄄 technology of river channel bars. Journal of Beijing Forestry University 2013 35 5 79 83 [Ch,11 ref.] School of Soil and Water Conservation, Key Laboratory of Soil and Water Conservation Desertification Combating of Ministry of Education,Beijing Forestry University,100083,P.R. China. Baihe River,which is located at the suburban of Beijing,was selected as the study object. This paperfocusesonafieldinvestigationconductedin 12 riverchannelbars,whichwereseldomdisturbedby human being. Data about formation and distribution characteristics of channel aswell as its influence on increasing biodiversity had been analyzed. The results showed that river channel bars had the effects of increasing river cross section forms and biodiversity. Considering the present situation that urban river ecological system isfragile,it isfeasible to make ecological reconstruction on urban river by the way of constructing artificial channel bars. Besides the construction principle of channel bars was proposed on the basis of study with the proposing of three construction methods, i. e. “straight beach model冶, “corner beach model冶,and “groupbeach model冶,aimingtoprovidereferenceforurbanriver ecological management and reconstruction. Key words摇 channel bar;urban river;species diversity;ecological reconstruction 摇 摇 城市河道是城市生存和发展必不可少的因素, 一个方面,但目前对于城市河流生态改造中关于心 在城市及周边地区的经济发展和生态保护中有着十 滩的研究相对较少。 在这种背景下,我们通过对北 分重要的地位。 目前城市河流渠道化、河道断面结