管理学,罗宾斯,9版,教师手册robbins09.docVIP

CHAPTER 9 FOUNDATIONS OF INDIVIDUAL BEHAVIOR LEARNING OUTCOMES After reading this chapter students should be able to: Identify the focus and goals of organizational behavior (OB). Explain the role that attitudes play in job performance. Describe different personality theories. Describe perception and the factors that influence it. Discuss learning theories and their relevance in shaping behavior. Discuss contemporary issues in OB. Management Myth Myth: Gen Y employees are hard to manage. Truth: While Gen Y’ers can be overly ambitious and in need of constant performance feedback they also have characteristics that make them very good employees (e.g. at ease with technology, strong desire to learn). Teaching Tips Ask students how attitudes and perceptions affect individual behavior. People different in their behaviors and managers need to understand this in order to be effective. WHAT ARE THE FOCUS AND GOALS OF ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR? Organizational Behavior OB is concerned specifically with the actions of people at work. Addresses some issues that are not obvious, such as informal elements. (See Exhibit 9-1.) What Is the Focus of Organizational Behavior? First, OB looks at individual behavior. Psychologists are primary contributors. Includes personality, perception, learning, and motivation. Second, OB is concerned with group behavior. Sociologists and social psychologists are primary contributors. Includes norms, roles, team building, and conflict. Finally, OB looks at organizational aspects including structure, culture, and human resource policies, and practices. What Are the Goals of Organizational Behavior? To explain, predict and influence behavior. The manager needs to explain why employees engage in some behaviors rather than others and to predict how employees will respond to various actions by the manager. The emphasis will be on employee productivity, absenteeism, and turnover. Organizational citizenship—a fourth type of behavior becom