管理学,罗宾斯,9版,教师手册robbins14.docVIP

CHAPTER 14 FOUNDATIONS OF CONTROL LEARNING OUTCOMES After reading this chapter students should be able to: Explain the nature and importance of control. Describe the three steps in the control process. Discuss the types of controls organizations and managers use. Discuss contemporary issues in control. Management Myth MYTH: Control only takes place after the fact. TRUTH: Many managers are using “feedforward controls,” which is preventing problems before they occur. Teaching Tips: The Space Shuttle Challenger, Three-Mile Island, and Chernobyl are just three examples that come to mind when thinking of poor controls. Have students think of other (more current) disasters. Encourage them to think about what went wrong. What were these organizations trying to accomplish? What could have been done to prevent these disasters? WHAT IS CONTROL AND WHY IS IT IMPORTANT? What is Control? Control is the management function involving the process of monitoring activities to ensure that they are being accomplished as planned and correcting any significant deviations. An effective control system ensures that activities are completed in ways that lead to the attainment of the organization’s goals. The effectiveness of a control system is determined by how well it facilitates goal achievement. Right or Wrong? The practice is called “sweethearting.” It’s when cashiers use subtle tricks to pass free goods to friends, doing things such as concealing the barcode, slipping an item behind the scanner, passing two items at a time but only charging for one. It’s impossible for even the most watchful human eyes to keep it from happening. So retailers are using technology to block it. Surveillance cameras are used to record and study cashiers staffing checkout lines. Discuss This: Is surveillance less invasive when it’s a computer watching instead of a human? Discuss. How could an organizations make sure it’s being ethical in monitoring employees? Teaching Tips: Try to get students to c