嗜杀酵母的生物学功能及应用.pdfVIP

生物技术通报 BIOTECHN OLOG Y B ULLETIN 2006 1 1 2 王贵双 张柏林 梁学军 1 2 ( , 100083; , 100039) : 嗜杀酵母能够分泌毒素蛋白, 杀死敏感酵母嗜杀酵母对自身分泌的嗜杀毒素具有免 力嗜杀 酵母的嗜杀特性与两种双链线状 RNA ( dsRNA)有关,即编码产生毒素蛋白的 M - dsRNA和编码自身和M - dsRNA 外壳蛋白的 L- dsRNA嗜杀毒素破坏细胞跨膜化学质子梯度, 造成ATP和钾离子泄漏, 导致细胞死亡应用嗜杀 酵母可避免野生型酵母污染, 净化发酵体系, 改善发酵产物品质; 嗜杀毒素也可作为抵制病原酵母和类酵母微生物 的抗真菌剂 : 嗜杀酵母 嗜杀毒素 嗜杀质粒 嗜杀机理 B iological P roperties and U tilization from K iller Yeasts 1 1 2 W ang Guishuang Zhang olin Liang Xuejun 1 ( School of B iolog ical Science Technology, Beij ing Forestry University, Beij ing 100083; 2B eij ing D ragon Seal W ine Lim ited Com any, B eij ing 100039) Ab stract: K iller yeasts secrete protein toxinsw hich are lethal to sensitive strainsbut are mi mune to their own toxins. Generally, the killer phenotype has been linked to the presence of a double stranded RNA ( dsRNA ). M - dsRNA encodes the killer toxin synthesis, andL-dsRNA encodes themajor virus- like particle capsid protein. K iller toxin acts on sensitive cells by disrupting the normal state of electrochem ical ion gradients, and induced a leakage ofATP and potassium ions, which leads to cells death. The use of industrialkiller strains as starters can prevent industrial fermentation from contamina- ting w ild yeasts. The most fascinating applications is probably the possible use of selected killer yeasts as sources of novel antmi ycotic agents, active against pathogenic yeasts and yeast-like organism s. Key w ords: K iller yeast