新型微穿孔板的吸声特性和应用研究.pdfVIP

第十届全国振动理论及应用学术会议论文集(2011) 新型微穿孔板的吸声特性和应用研究 郭彦婕,葛剑敏 （同济大学声学研究所，上海 200092 ） 摘要：微穿孔板是一种吸声效率高，安全环保，方便耐用的共振吸声体，得到了广泛应用。本研究针对两 种新型微穿孔板吸声结构，用混响法测量其吸声系数，分别研究了不同厚度单层和双层微穿孔结构在不同 的空腔深度下的吸声特性，并结合理论说明了空腔深度对吸声特性的影响，以及两种微穿孔板在应用中的 注意点。结果表明，实验与理论基本吻合，适当加大空腔深度使吸声频率范围向低频延伸一个倍频程以上， 从而增加有效吸声带宽。在实际应用中，单层板的防水设计并不影响吸声效果，双层板应注意控制第二层 空腔深度。 关键词：微穿孔板；吸声；空腔深度；应用 中图分类号：TB53 Research on Absorption Characteristics of New Micro-perforated Panel Structure Guo Yanjie, Ge Jianmin (Institute of Acoustics, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China) Abstract: Micro-perforated panel structure is a high efficient sound absorber which is widely used as an environmentally friendly and convenient absorber. The absorption performance of two kinds of new micro-perforated panel structure with different thickness and depth of cavity was measured and studied both theoretically and experimentally in this research, and several tips for the application of these two kind of structure were also brought up. The result indicated that a relatively deeper cavity contributed to the extend of absorption frequency bandwidth to lower frequency by at least one octave band. For actual practice, the single-layer panel could be designed water-free without much loss of absorption, while for the double-layer panel, the depth of second cavity need to be carefully controlled. Key Words: Micro-perforated Panel Structure; Absorption; Depth of cavity; Application 1 引言 吸声材料主要分为多孔吸声体和共振吸声体两大类。近年来，国民环保意识逐渐增强， 对多孔纤维材料的健康安全隐患日益重视，而穿孔板作为一种安全环保、方便耐用的共振吸 声体，得到了广泛的应用。一般穿孔板吸声结构，孔径大（几毫米甚至几厘米），声阻较小， 吸声效果欠佳，一般需配合玻璃棉、矿棉等多孔材料同时使用。针对这一问题，1975 年马 大猷院士创造性地提出了微穿孔板吸声结构（MPS ）的理论和设计，通过减小穿孔直径和穿 孔率，大大提高了有效声阻，不必另加吸声材料就可以形成良好的宽频带共振吸声体[1] 。此 后有关微穿孔板的研究不断深入，并在噪声控制工程得到了很好的应用效果。 微穿孔板吸声体一般指穿孔直径小于 1.0mm，穿孔率小于 5