毕业论文（设计）我国外汇储备管理问题研究.docVIP

中文摘要 改革开放以来，我国经济得到迅猛发展，对外贸易也日趋频繁，国际金融相关业务增多，从而使得我国外汇储备规模持续增加。据国家权威数据统计表明，我国外汇储备保有量从1979年的8.4亿美元迅速扩大到2011年的3.181万亿美元，世界排名第一。 外汇储备是在国际上能普遍接受并可兑换的非本国货币资产，一般为一国货币当局所持有并能自由支付，其功能在于对外贸易逆差支付、金融风险或突发状况的应对和本币汇率的稳定。外汇储备的管理需以安全性、流动性和盈利性为基本原则，而在币种组合上应与一国外贸结构、债务状况、外部投资、储备货币的国际地位等紧密联系。我国目前高额外汇储备充分体现了我国经济实力的增强，能在人民币汇率稳定、国际收支调节、应对金融风险及增强国际竞争力方面起到重要作用，但与之相对应的是储备和管理成本增大、难度增加，并带来通货膨胀和人民币升值压力，而我国外汇储备以美元为主的单一结构存在较大风险和安全隐患。因此，有必要研究我国高额外汇储备的有效利用，避免重大经济损失。 本文主要包括以下研究内容，首先对外汇储备相关理论基础进行了详细阐述，对外汇储备概念进行了描述，对我国外汇储备发展历程及现状进行深入探讨，深入阐述了我国外汇储备管理中存在的诸多问题，接下来对我国外汇储备适度规模进行实证论述，并结合发达国家的先进外汇储备管理经验分析其对我国外汇储备的借鉴意义，最后结合我国的金融现状和具体情况，对我国的外汇储备管理提出了系统的解决思路和方法。 关键词：外汇储备；储备规模；币种结构；资产管理 ABSTRACT With economic growth and foreign trade development, the number of foreign exchange reserves of China is enlarging. According to Central Bank statistics, the scale of foreign exchange reserves was only $840 million in 1979 that is the beginning of China’s reform, and then reaches $3.181 trillion in 2011. Foreign exchange reserves can keep international payments balance, pay off debt deficit, maintain exchange rate stability and supply emergency payments. Foreign exchange reserve management pays more attention to safety, liquidity and profitability. Design the currency structure of foreign exchange reserves; it should consider foreign trade structure, foreign direct investment and reserve currency status in the international monetary system. China has high level on the scale of foreign exchange reserves at present. Foreign exchange reserves can adjust international balance of payments, keep exchange rate stability, maintains international reputation, and make response to fluctuations in foreign exchange markets, etc. It plays an important role on promote economic development, prevent financial risks, assure payment security. But the large scale of foreign exchange reserves will spend a large mountain of management costs and increase management difficulty. Meanwhile, the structure of China’s foreign exchange reserve is unre