物种的概念及其相关问题_论文.docVIP

华 中 科 技 大 学 硕 士 学 位 论 文  摘  要  物种是分类学的基本单位，而且也是进化生物学的基础和核心概念。但是物种 在生物学中也是争议很大的概念，直到现在也没有一个物种概念的定义得到所有人 的认可。随着生物学的发展，各生物学科分支都需要一个合适的物种概念得以在研 究中运用，由于物种所涉及的问题很复杂以至没有一个物种概念符合所有生物学科 的要求。 本文以物种概念为主要研究对象对物种概念的产生以及各时期关于物种概念的 发展和相关问题进行详细讨论。随着历史的发展，不断的有学者对物种概念做出讨 论并提出自己对于什么是物种的定义。每当有一个新的物种概念产生时，都建立在 对之前物种概念的批判或修改之上。由于物种概念的发展，更多的生物学概念问题 随之产生，而这些问题又需要运用物种概念对其进行讨论。物种是真实存在的，还 是人的理智构造出来的纯粹概念性的东西呢，如果物种是客观存在的那么它的本质 又是什么，在自然界中它的存在是以连续性还是以断续亦或是个体而存在的。各时 期的学者通过对这些问题的探讨并提出各自的解决方案形成了如今繁多的物种定 义，然而这些物种定义又只能够满足一部分人的需求，物种概念仍然是一个悬而未 决的问题，本文对这些定义做了相关论述并对物种所涉及的相关问题进行考察。 关键词：物种 类别 个体 进化 I 华 中 科 技 大 学 硕 士 学 位 论 文 Abstract Species is the basic unit of the taxonomy, but also the basis and evolutionary biology core concept. But species in biology is controversial concept, until now no one species definitions of get all recognition. Along with the development of biology, each biological sciences branches have need a proper species concept to apply, in the study of the issues involved because of species is very complicated that no one species concept to meet all requirements of biological sciences. Based on species concept as the main research object of the species and the notion of an each period of development and concept about species related problems are discussed in details. With the development of history, is constantly scholars on species concept and the author make discussion about what is defining species. Whenever there is a new species concepts are created, are based on the concept of before species criticism or modify above all. Because of the concept of development and more species of biology concept problems resulting, and these problems and the need to use to discuss the concept of species. Species were real, or persons reason tectonic out of pure conceptual of thing, if species is objective existence as its essence, what is in the nature of its existence is continuity or intermittent or is individual and exist. Each period of scholars through the discussion of these issues and put