英汉对比研究 English vs Chinese Ten Pairs of Features.pptVIP

这项约请,好吗? (2) In London there reigns a complete absence of really reliable news. (= There is no reliable news in London.) 伦敦没有可靠的消息。 (3) I wonder if you would be so kind as to lower your voices a little. (= Would you please lower your voices a little?) 请你 们讲话小声一点，好吗？ (4) Careful consideration of relevant data is imperative before the procedure most conducive toward a realization of the desired outcomes can be determined. (= Look before you leap.) 三思而后行。 Compared with English, Chinese has fewer indirect modes of expression,but other means such as polite expressions or terms of respect (敬辞), and self-depreciatory expressions (e.g. humble words, 谦辞 ) are often used, espe- cially in classical or early Chinese. E.g. (1) 贱姓李,请问尊客贵性? My surname is Li. Could I have your name? (2) 不知高见以为何如? I wonder if you could be kind enough to enlighten me on this matter. / May I have your advice? (3) 我拜读了您的大作。I had the pleasure of perusing your work. (4) 不想误触犯了官人,望乞恕罪,高抬贵手。 (施耐庵：《水浒》) We had no thought of intruding upon your attention and hope you will overlook our offence. 十、 Substitutive vs. Repetitive (替换与重复) Repetition of words in English is generally more or less abnormal and objectionable except that it is rhetorical or significant (Fowler, 1951:218) To avoid repetition, English often employs substitution, ellipsis, variation, and some other devices. 10.1 Substitution (替代) English generally uses pro-forms or sub- stitutes to avoid repetition, while Chinese often repeats the same words or clauses. (1) Translation from English into Chinese Is not so easy as that from English into French. 英译汉不如英译法容易。 (2) In any case, work does not include time, but power does. 在任何情况下,功不 包括时间，但功率却包括时间。 10.2 Ellipsis（省略） Eng