仪表等级飞行员理论培训stage4-206-207ARRIVAL绪论.ppt

ARRIVAL Arrival Charts and Procedures Standard Terminal Arrival Routes (STARs) STARs depict prescribed routes to transition the instrument pilot from the en route structure to a fix in the terminal area from which an instrument approach can be conducted. Symbology of a STAR is the same as for a DP. The legends are the same for DP and STAR Terminal Environment Terminal environment is a general term used to describe airspace in which approach control service or airport traffic control service is provided. Radar is the principal tool employed by ATC in the Terminal Environment. Provides the pilot and air traffic controller with a very efficient method for routing traffic into and out of the terminal environment with minimal required air traffic control interface. Class B and C Terminal Radar Services Provide vectoring and separation between IFR and VFR traffic and VFR sequencing within terminal areas and handles the transition from the en route segment to the terminal environment. Arrival Charts Purposes: smooth transition between the enroute structure and busy terminal areas complex clearances simplified supplies an expected plan of action to both pilots and controllers allows smooth sequencing of traffic Standard Terminal Arrival Route (STAR) AIM 5-4-1 Simplifies clearance delivery procedures Usually ends with a Visual approach OR Instrument approach Transitions: multiple routes that bring traffic from various directions into 1 STAR. Interpreting the STAR Officially begins where the transitions come together. Names of STARs are usually that fix where the procedure begins. No terrain information given If another airport is shown on the STAR, then it’s served also. Vertical Navigation Planning Included within certain STARs. Reduce amount of low altitude flying time for high performance aircraft. Descent planning: Key fix with altitude By knowing intermediate altitude in advance, most efficient descent is possible Vertical Navigation Planning Info If the chart say