高考英语听力速记指导精讲.ppt

Copyright * Reading Skills 弱读 重读 语调 停顿 连读 失爆 Copyright * Skill 7：Dealing with sentence stress 语句重音（sentence stress）是指根据不同的交际需要而对句子的某个或者某些词加以强调。重音的特点是：发音用力较多，音量较大，时间较长。 重音分为：表意重音，逻辑重音及情感重音。 1. 表意重音：表意重音是指讲话人在没有受个人情感影响或没有特意将句中的某一信息加以强调的情况下，对句中所有实词一视同仁地加以强调。 实词包括：名词、动词、形容词、副词、数词、指示代词、疑问代词等； 虚词包括：介词、冠词、助动词、连词、人称代词等。如： Copyright * a. In general, we emphasize a word as we stress a syllable by giving it more force, longer duration, and higher pitch. b. I believe the course I have followed with China is the one that’s best for America, disagreeing where we have serious disagreements, pursuing our common interests where I thought it was in the interest of the United States. (Bill Clinton) Copyright * 2.逻辑重音：逻辑重音又叫对比重音，指讲话人有意将句中的某个成分（一般只有一个，但也有两个的情况）与上下文当中的另一个成分相对比而给予的特殊强调。 此时，句中本来该重读的实词被读得快而弱，本来该弱读的虚词被减弱到几乎听不出来的程度。 Copyright * 试比较一组7个句子： 1. I suggest you talk to her this evening. 2. I suggest you talk to her this evening. 3. I suggest you talk to her this evening. 4. I suggest you talk to her this evening. 5. I suggest you talk to her this evening. 6. I suggest you talk to her this evening. 7. I suggest you talk to her this evening. Copyright * 注意：虚词由于逻辑重音而重读时，应使用重读形式（stressed form），如： --- Would you like a cup of coffee to wake you up? --- A /ei/ cup of coffee? I need two or three. (一杯怎么行？我要喝两三杯。) 3. 情感重音是指说话人在处于极为激动的情况下，对某个能表达其情感的词或词组给予超常规的强调。如： We Chinese people are unconquerable. Copyright * Reading Skills 弱读 重读 语调 停顿 连读 失爆 Copyright * Skill 8：Dealing with linking 我们在听英语时，会发现漂亮的口语听起来流畅，有跳跃感和音乐感。这是由连读带来的效果。连读的规则如下： 1.在语速较慢的语流中，意群内的辅音和元音可以统统连起来。如： because of an air raid 应该读作 because⌒ of ⌒ an⌒ air⌒ raid /biK??z?v?n??reid/ when I was an undergraduate应该读作 when⌒ I was ⌒ an ⌒ undergraduate /wenаiw?z?n?nd?ɡr?d?ueit/ Copyright * 2.在正常或者较快的语速中，只要句子不太长（大约15个单词以内），其中所有的辅音都可以跟后面的元音连读，意群和意群之间也可以连读。如： Please write it in English and give it to your uncle as soon as poss