Mitral valve prolapse in the dog a model of mitral valve prolapse in man..doc

Mitral valve prolapse in the dog: a model of mitral valve prolapse in man ? Henrik D.?Pedersen?,?Jens?H?ggstr?m DOI:?/10.1016/S0008-6363(00)00113-9?234-243?First published online: 1 August 2000 Article Figures data Information Explore PDF Keywords Aging Epidemiology Renin angiotensin system Ultrasound Valve (disease) Time for primary review 31 days. 1 Introduction Mitral valve prolapse (MVP), i.e. abnormal systolic protrusion of mitral valve leaflets into the left atrium, is a common cause of severe mitral regurgitation (MR) requiring operation in people living in industrialized nations?[1,2]. MVP has been reported to have many causes but in the majority of cases it is a primary condition (called primary MVP in this paper) characterized by a progressive myxomatous degeneration of the mitral valve leaflets and chordae tendineae?[1–3]. The disease typically emerges in adolescence but complications such as severe MR usually do not occur until middleage or senescence?[1–3]. An animal model with a shorter course of disease could be useful in several ways, for instance, by making it feasible to evaluate the effects of different drugs on disease progression. Despite this, no animal model of primary MVP has been described so far. 二尖瓣脱垂（MVP），即异常收缩凸出二尖瓣瓣叶进入左心房，是严重的二尖瓣关闭不全（MR），需要在生活在工业化国家[1,2]人操作的常见原因。 MVP已报道有很多原因，但在大多数情况下，它是一个基本条件（称为本文初级MVP）的特征在于以下二尖瓣瓣叶和腱索[1-3]渐进粘液变性。这种疾病通常出现在青春期，但并发症，如严重的MR通常不会发生，直到middleage或衰老[1-3]。与疾病的较短过程的动物模型可以在几个方面是有用的，例如，通过使其可行评估不同药物对疾病进展的影响。尽管这样，初级的MVP无动物模型已经描述至今。 From pathological studies, it has long been known that most dogs develop myxomatous mitral valve disease with age and that this disease is very similar macroscopically as well as microscopically to primary MVP in humans?[4,5]. Traditionally, however, the canine disease has been given names other than MVP, including endocardiosis and chronic valvular disease. Recently, a number of studies, including many based on well-defined echocardiographic criteria for the diagnosis of MVP, have increase