支气管哮喘合并变应性鼻炎的流行病学调查.docVIP

支气管哮喘合并变应性鼻炎的流行病学调查 　　【摘要】 目的：了解佛山市顺德区乐从镇居民哮喘合并变应性鼻炎的流行现状。方法：采用整群随机抽样的方法，在佛山市顺德区乐从镇共抽取调查对象6906人，先由调查员筛查哮喘、可疑哮喘患者，然后由调研人员对可疑哮喘进一步的病史询问及检查。结果：乐从镇居民中，哮喘确诊72例，发病率为1.04%。男性患病率为0.95%，女性患病率为1.15%，两者比较差异无统计学意义（P0.05）。自报变应性鼻炎患者588例，自报患病率为8.51%；男性患病率为10.19%，女性患病率为8.46%，两者比较差异有统计学意义（P0.05）。哮喘合并变应性鼻炎与单纯哮喘的发病率比较差异有统计学意义（P0.001），OR值为4.551。结论：乐从镇居民中，合并变应性鼻炎史的哮喘患病率明显高于单纯性哮喘的患病率。 　　【关键词】 哮喘； 变应性鼻炎； 流行病学 　　中图分类号 R562.2 文献标识码 B 文章编号 1674-6805（2014）24-0050-02 　　Epidemiological Studies of Asthma Complicated with Allergic Rhinitis/LI Jiao-wu，HUANG Jin-yin，GUO Feng-mei，et al.//Chinese and Foreign Medical Research，2014，12（24）：50-51 　　【Abstract】 Objective：To survey prevalence of asthma complicated with allergic rhinitis of residents in Lecong town of Sunde district Foshan city.Method：6906 residents of Lecong town were selected by cluster random sampling and surveyed by using standardized questionnaires.Asthmatic patients and suspect cases were screened out and examined further.Result：There were 72 cases of asthma among the 6906 residents in Lecong town.The prevalence of asthma was 1.04%.The prevalence in men was 0.95% and in women was 1.15%，there was no statistical significance between the men and the women（字2=0.647，P0.05）.588 residents reported allergic rhinitis.The self-reported prevalence of allergic rhinitis was 8.51%.The self-reported prevalence of allergic rhinitis in men was 10.19%，in women was 8.46%，there was statistical significance between the men and the women（字2=4.626，P0.05），the OR was 4.551.Conclusion：The prevalence of asthma complicated with allergic rhinitis of residents is higher than the asthma prevalence in Lecong town. 　　【Key words】 Asthma； Allergic rhinitis； Epidemiology 　　First-author’s address：Lecong Hospital of Sunde District Foshan City，Foshan 528315，China 　　支气管哮喘（简称哮喘）是由多种细胞包括气道的炎性细胞和结构细胞（如嗜酸性粒细胞、肥大细胞、T淋巴细胞、中性粒细胞、气道上皮细胞等）和细胞组分参与的气道慢性炎症性疾病。变应性鼻炎（又称过敏性鼻炎）是特应性个体接触致敏原后由IgE介导的介质（主要是组胺）释放，并有多种免疫活性细胞和细胞因子等参与的鼻黏膜慢性炎症反应性疾病。哮喘和变应性鼻炎皆为呼吸道变应性疾病，两者的发病部位不同，但在病因、发病机制和病