高温干旱季节不同遮阴水平对茶园生态环境的影响.docVIP

高温干旱季节不同遮阴水平对茶园生态环境的影响 　　摘 要：以遮光率分别为70%，50%，30%的黑色遮阳网为试验材料，以不遮光（0%）为对照，研究高温干旱季节不同遮光处理对茶园生态环境的影响。结果表明，遮阴可有效改善茶园生态环境，且遮光率越高， 效果越明显。与对照茶园相比，70%，50%，30%遮光率处理的茶园光合有效辐射明显降低，各处理的光合有效辐射大小依次为70%遮光率lt;50%遮光率lt;30%遮光率lt;0%（CK）;茶树叶面的日平均温度均比对照茶园低3.4，2.6，1.3 ℃，茶树叶面≥35 ℃的不适高温出现频率减少了43.6%，38.0%和13.4%，≥39 ℃的有害高温出现频率减少了62.6%，47.5%和28.8%;遮阴茶园空气相对湿度高于对照茶园;70%和50%遮光率处理茶园不同土层土壤含水量均极显著高于对照茶园，30%遮光率处理茶园5～10 cm、15～20 cm、25～30 cm土层土壤含水量和对照茶园差异不显著。 　　关键词：高温干旱;遮阴;茶园;生态环境;光合有效辐射 　　中图分类号：S571.1 文献标识码：A DOI 编码：10.3969/j.issn.1006-6500.2015.11.027 　　Effects of Different Shading Degrees on Eco-Environment of Tea Plantations during Hot Dry Season 　　WU Shu-ping，LYU Li-zhe，JIN Kai-mei，ZHAO Feng-hua，ZHENG Jie，DANG Yong-chao，JIANG Shuang-feng 　　（Henan Tea Engineering Research Center， Xinyang Academy of Agricultural Sciences， Xinyang，Henan 464000，China） 　　Abstract： In order to analyze the effect of different shading treatments on the eco-environment of tea plantation during hot dry season， 70%，50%，30% and 0% （CK） black shading nets were designed. The results showed that shading improved the eco-environment of tea plantation， the effect were enhanced with increase in shading degree. In comparison with unshaded tea plantation， the photosynthetically active radiation of tea plantation under 70%， 50% and 30% shading treatments decreased significantly， and the photosynthetically active radiation of different treatments was in the order of 70%lt;50%lt;30%lt;0%;the daily average air temperature of tea leaves surface decreased by 3.4，2.6 and 1.3 ℃; the frequency ≥35 ℃ dangerous high temperature of tea leaves surface decreased by 43.6%，38.0% and 13.4%，the frequency ≥39 ℃ dangerous high temperature decreased by 62.6%，47.5% and28.8%;the relative air humidity of tea plantation increased;for 70% and 50%shading treatments， the soil water contents of different soil horizons were significantly higher than that of unshaded tea plantation， the soil water contents of 5～10 cm，15～20 cm and 25～30 cm soil horizon