13-结构陶瓷-第13讲汇编.pptVIP

* 4. The toughness of ceramics -----fiber reinforced ceramics From a simple balance-of-forces argument it can be shown that x is given by Where rf is the radius of the fiber and σmu is the ultimate strength of the matrix. This means that if the matrix has a well-defined breaking stress it will be broken up into a series of blocks of spacing between x and 2x. This has been observed experimentally in a number of systems. In this situation the stress/strain curve is similar to the previous curve except that the upper portion is shifted towards lower strains. A B’ strain stress * 4. The toughness of ceramics -----fiber reinforced ceramics The analysis above assumes that the ultimate fracture stress of the matrix is unaffected by the presence of the fibers. In some cases, however, the presence of fibers results in a suppression of matrix cracking and the ultimate fracture stress of the matrix is then increased. Cooper and Sillwood (1972) have considered the various factors contributing to the energy balance and calculated that the critical matrix strain is given by * 4. The toughness of ceramics -----fiber reinforced ceramics Where γmf is the fracture energy for the matrix. The suppression of matrix cracking can thus occur at high volume fractions of fibers of small radius. In glass containing 30% of carbon fiber by volume, for example, the presence of the fibers produces an increase in of 2.5 times. * 4. The toughness of ceramics -----fiber reinforced ceramics the data for the mechanical properties of carbon fiber reinforced glass and cement compared with the matrix phase. Agreement between experiment and theory for aligned composites is usually good. Young’s modulus (GN m-2) Bend strength (MN m-2) Work of fracture (kJ m-2) Unreinforced Pyrex耐热玻璃 60 100 0.004 Pyrex composite (50% carbon fiber by volume) 193 700 5 Unreinforced cement paste 13 10 0.02 Cement composite (9% carbon fiber by volume) 34 170 7.5 Mechanical property