焊接残余应力与变形I杨鑫华-100.ppt

Residual Stresses and Distortions in Welded Structures: Modeling, Analysis, and Mitigation 焊接结构中残余应力和变形— 建模、分析与控制 董平沙 博士 （Dr. Pingsha Dong Professor and Northrop Grumman Endowed Chair Director, Center for Advanced Marine Structures and Fabrication CAM-SF School of Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering The University of New Orleans — 美国新奥尔良大学造船和船舶工程学院终身教授； — 诺斯洛普·格鲁门公司首席主席. 声明 Table of Content 目录 Introduction/background 绪言/背景 6 Residual stress/distortion development mechanisms 残余应力/变形产生的机理 16 Modeling and analysis requirements 建模和分析需要考虑内容 25 Length scale considerations 尺度考虑 38 Heat flow modeling 热流建模 48 Weld material modeling 焊接材料建模 59 Distortion modeling 焊接变形建模 73 Residual stress measurements and model validations 残余应力测量与模型验证 92 Residual stresses in repair welds 补焊中的残余应力 112 Residual stresses from other welding processes 其它焊接工艺产生的残余应力 126 Residual stress and distortion mitigation technique 残余应力与变形的控制技术 Welding procedure/sequence 焊接过程/顺序 146 Uniform PWHT 整体焊后热处理 151 Local PWHT/related stress improvement techniques 159 局部焊后热处理/相关的应力改善技术 Proof-tests 试验与验证 172 How to generalize residual stress distribution 如何得到残余应力的分布 191 Fracture mechanics treatment 破裂力学的处理 213 Some well-documented case studies 一些经典案例 Stress corrosion cracking 应力侵蚀裂纹 226 Brittle fracture 脆性裂纹 241 Creep damage 扭曲破坏 246 Distortion control 变形控制 251 Fatigue assessment incorporating residual stresses 考虑残余应力的疲劳寿命评估 265 Related Major Awards and Recognitions Received获得的主要奖励及荣誉 IIW 2008 E. Paton Prize SNAME 2007 Elmer L Hann Award RD Magazine’s RD 100 Award 2006 TIME Magazine 2005 Math Innovator Aviation Week Space Technology: Aerospace 2004 Laurels Award AWS 2004 R.D. Thomas Award SAE 2003 Henry Ford II Distinguished Award for Excellence in Automotive Engineering ASME 2002 G.E.O. Widera Literature Award Course Objectives 课程目的 Demystify the complexity of residual stresses and effects on engineering structures 阐明阐述残余应力的复杂性及其对工程结构的影响 Provide a state of