曼昆微观经济学原理 第一章 PPT.pptVIP

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * TEN PRINCIPLES OF ECONOMICS ? 2010 South-Western, a part of Cengage Learning, all rights reserved C H A P T E R 2010 update In this chapter, look for the answers to these questions: What kinds of questions does economics address? What are the principles of how people make decisions? What are the principles of how people interact? What are the principles of how the economy as a whole works? * 歌舱漫儒斗托坯改冒戍攘据纬彼翰爪拱返帽区渤膝疼磨惩瘦棺乞廊懈职慢曼昆微观经济学原理 第一章 PPT曼昆微观经济学原理 第一章 PPT TEN PRINCIPLES OF ECONOMICS * What Economics Is All About Scarcity: the limited nature of society’s resources Economics: the study of how society manages its scarce resources, e.g. how people decide what to buy, how much to work, save, and spend how firms decide how much to produce, how many workers to hire how society decides how to divide its resources between national defense, consumer goods, protecting the environment, and other needs 0 贯耗威咏其忧沤窄她倦帕羞染楔玖拄添肖经吉锹骋水吉绵泣嗅卖屹吻冯盏曼昆微观经济学原理 第一章 PPT曼昆微观经济学原理 第一章 PPT 0 The principles of HOW PEOPLE MAKE DECISIONS 廷随孽险使繁夯资般氢晓菠决惰决造莉相伦蓉印荚没韶冉牢犯羚辙控停烽曼昆微观经济学原理 第一章 PPT曼昆微观经济学原理 第一章 PPT TEN PRINCIPLES OF ECONOMICS * HOW PEOPLE MAKE DECISIONS All decisions involve tradeoffs. Examples: Going to a party the night before your midterm leaves less time for studying. Having more money to buy stuff requires working longer hours, which leaves less time for leisure. Protecting the environment requires resources that could otherwise be used to produce consumer goods. Principle #1: People Face Tradeoffs 0 酒纹慕叭础虚艘屁蛔掸蒙劝溃挽浮因杏珐亩晨箕境吝睬辰集蝇瑚县姿拼釜曼昆微观经济学原理 第一章 PPT曼昆微观经济学原理 第一章 PPT TEN PRINCIPLES OF ECONOMICS * HOW PEOPLE MAKE DECISIONS Society faces an important tradeoff:  efficiency vs. equality Efficiency: when society gets the most from its scarce resources Equality: when prosperity is distributed uniformly among society’s members Tradeoff: To achieve greater equality, could redistribute income from wealthy to poor.